Bk. 49: Peacemaking
3.855:
Narrated Sahl bin Sa`d: There was a dispute amongst the people
of the tribe of Bani `Amr bin `Auf. The Prophet went to them
along with some of his companions in order to make peace
between them. The time for the prayer became due but the
Prophet did not turn up; Bilal pronounced the Adhan (i.e.
call) for the prayer but the Prophet did not turn up, so Bilal
went to Abu Bakr and said, "The time for the prayer is due and
the Prophet i detained, would you lead the people in the
prayer?" Abu Bakr replied, "Yes, you wish." So, Bilal
pronounced the Iqama of the prayer and Abu Bakr went ahead (to
lead the prayer), but the Prophet came walking among the rows
till he joined the first row. The people started clapping and
they clapped too much, and Abu Bakr used not to look hither
and thither in the prayer, but he turned round and saw the
Prophet standing behind him. The Prophet beckoned him with his
hand to keep on praying where he was. Abu Bakr raised his hand
and praised Allah and then retreated till he came in the
(first) row, and the Prophet went ahead and lead the people in
the prayer. When the Prophet finished the prayer, he turned
towards the people and said, "O people! When something happens
to you during the prayer, you start clapping. Really clapping
is (permissible) for women only. If something happens to one
of you in his prayer, he should say: 'Subhan Allah',
(Glorified be Allah), for whoever hears him (saying so) will
direct his attention towards him. O Abu Bakr! What prevented
you from leading the people in the prayer when I beckoned to
you (to continue)?" Abu Bakr replied, "It did not befit the
son of Abu Quhafa to lead the prayer in front of the Prophet.
3.856:
Narrated Anas:
It was said to the Prophet "Would that you see `Abdullah bin
Ubai." So, the Prophet went to him, riding a donkey, and the
Muslims accompanied him, walking on salty barren land. When
the Prophet reached `Abdullah bin Ubai, the latter said, "Keep
away from me! By Allah, the bad smell of your donkey has
harmed me." On that an Ansari man said (to `Abdullah), "By
Allah! The smell of the donkey of Allah's Apostle is better
than your smell." On that a man from `Abdullah's tribe got
angry for `Abdullah's sake, and the two men abused each other
which caused the friends of the two men to get angry, and the
two groups started fighting with sticks, shoes and hands. We
were informed that the following Divine Verse was revealed (in
this concern):−− "And if two groups of Believers fall to
fighting then, make peace between them." (49.9)
3.857:
Narrated Um Kulthum bint `Uqba: That she heard Allah's Apostle
saying, "He who makes peace between the people by inventing
good information or saying good things, is not a liar."
3.858:
Narrated Sahl bin Sa`d: Once the people of Quba fought with
each other till they threw stones on each other. When Allah's
Apostle was informed about it, he said, "Let us go to bring
about a reconciliation between them."
3.859:
Narrated Aisha:
The following Verse: If a woman fears cruelty or desertion on
her husband's part (i.e. the husband notices something
unpleasant about his wife, such as old age or the like, and
wants to divorce her, but she asks him to keep her and provide
for her as he wishes). (4.128) "There is no blame on them if
they reconcile on such basis."
3.860:
Narrated Abu Huraira and Zaid bin Khalid Al−Juhani: A bedouin
came and said, "O Allah's Apostle! Judge between us according
to Allah's Laws." His opponent got up and said, "He is right.
Judge between us according to Allah's Laws." The bedouin said,
"My son was a laborer working for this man, and he committed
illegal sexual intercourse with his wife. The people told me
that my son should be stoned to death; so, in lieu of that, I
paid a ransom of one hundred sheep and a slave girl to save my
son. Then I asked the learned scholars who said, "Your son has
to be lashed one−hundred lashes and has to be exiled for one
year." The Prophet said, "No doubt I will judge between you
according to Allah's Laws. The slave−girl and the sheep are to
go back to you, and your son will get a hundred lashes and one
year exile." He then addressed somebody, "O Unais! go to the
wife of this (man) and stone her to death" So, Unais went and
stoned her to death.
3.861:
Narrated Aisha:
Allah's Apostle said, "If somebody innovates something which
is not in harmony with the principles of our religion, that
thing is rejected."
3.862:
Narrated Al−Bara bin `Azib: When Allah's Apostle concluded a
peace treaty with the people of Hudaibiya, `Ali bin Abu Talib
wrote the document and he mentioned in it, "Muhammad, Allah's
Apostle ." The pagans said, "Don't write: 'Muhammad, Allah's
Apostle', for if you were an apostle we would not fight with
you." Allah's Apostle asked `Ali to rub it out, but `Ali said,
"I will not be the person to rub it out." Allah's Apostle
rubbed it out and made peace with them on the condition that
the Prophet and his companions would enter Mecca and stay
there for three days, and that they would enter with their
weapons in cases.
3.863:
Narrated Al−Bara:
When the Prophet intended to perform `Umra in the month of
Dhul−Qada, the people of Mecca did not let him enter Mecca
till he settled the matter with them by promising to stay in
it for three days only. When the document of treaty was
written, the following was mentioned: 'These are the terms on
which Muhammad, Allah's Apostle agreed (to make peace).' They
said, "We will not agree to this, for if we believed that you
are Allah's Apostle we would not prevent you, but you are
Muhammad bin `Abdullah." The Prophet said, "I am Allah's
Apostle and also Muhammad bin `Abdullah." Then he said to
`Ali, "Rub off (the words) 'Allah's Apostle' ", but `Ali said,
"No, by Allah, I will never rub off your name." So, Allah's
Apostle took the document and wrote, 'This is what Muhammad
bin `Abdullah has agreed upon: No arms will be brought into
Mecca except in their cases, and nobody from the people of
Mecca will be allowed to go with him (i.e. the Prophet ) even
if he wished to follow him and he (the Prophet ) will not
prevent any of his companions from staying in Mecca if the
latter wants to stay.' When the Prophet entered Mecca and the
time limit passed, the Meccans went to `Ali and said, "Tell
your Friend (i.e. the Prophet ) to go out, as the period
(agreed to) has passed." So, the Prophet went out of Mecca.
The daughter of Hamza ran after them (i.e. the Prophet and his
companions), calling, "O Uncle! O Uncle!" `Ali received her
and led her by the hand and said to Fatima, "Take your uncle's
daughter." Zaid and Ja`far quarreled about her. `Ali said, "I
have more right to her as she is my uncle's daughter." Ja`far
said, "She is my uncle's daughter, and her aunt is my wife."
Zaid said, "She is my brother's daughter." The Prophet judged
that she should be given to her aunt, and said that the aunt
was like the mother. He then said to 'All, "You are from me
and I am from you", and said to Ja`far, "You resemble me both
in character and appearance", and said to Zaid, "You are our
brother (in faith) and our freed slave."
3.864:
Narrated Ibn `Umar: Allah's Apostle set out for the `Umra but
the pagans of Quraish prevented him from reaching the Ka`ba.
So, he slaughtered his sacrifice and got his head shaved at
Al−Hudaibiya, and agreed with them that he would perform `Umra
the following year and would not carry weapons except swords
and would not stay in Mecca except for the period they al
lowed. So, the Prophet performed the `Umra in the following
year and entered Mecca according to the treaty, and when he
stayed for three days, the pagans ordered him to depart, and
he departed.
3.865:
Narrated Sahl bin Abu Hathma: `Abdullah bin Sahl and Muhaiyisa
bin Mas`ud bin Zaid went to Khaibar when it had a peace treaty
(with the Muslims).
3.866:
Narrated Anas:
Ar−Rabi, the daughter of An−Nadr broke the tooth of a girl,
and the relatives of Ar−Rabi` requested the girl's relatives
to accept the Irsh (compensation for wounds etc.) and forgive
(the offender), but they refused. So, they went to the Prophet
who ordered them to bring about retaliation. Anas bin An−Nadr
asked, "O Allah"; Apostle! Will the tooth of Ar−Rabi` be
broken? No, by Him Who has sent you with the Truth, her tooth
will not be broken." The Prophet said, "O Anas! Allah"; law
ordains retaliation." Later the relatives of the girl agreed
and forgave her. The Prophet said, "There are some of Allah's
slaves who, if they take an oath by Allah, are responded to by
Allah i.e. their oath is fulfilled). Anas added, "The people
agreed and accepted the Irsh."
3.867:
Narrated Al−Hasan Al−Basri: By Allah, Al−Hasan bin `Ali led
large battalions like mountains against Muawiya. `Amr bin
Al−As said (to Muawiya), "I surely see battalions which will
not turn back before killing their opponents." Muawiya who was
really the best of the two men said to him, "O `Amr! If these
killed those and those killed these, who would be left with me
for the jobs of the public, who would be left with me for
their women, who would be left with me for their children?"
Then Muawiya sent two Quraishi men from the tribe of
`Abd−i−Shams called `Abdur Rahman bin Sumura and `Abdullah bin
'Amir bin Kuraiz to Al−Hasan saying to them, "Go to this man
(i.e. Al−Hasan) and negotiate peace with him and talk and
appeal to him." So, they went to Al−Hasan and talked and
appealed to him to accept peace. Al−Hasan said, "We, the
offspring of `Abdul Muttalib, have got wealth and people have
indulged in killing and corruption (and money only will
appease them)." They said to Al−Hasan, "Muawiya offers you so
and so, and appeals to you and entreats you to accept peace."
Al−Hasan said to them, "But who will be responsible for what
you have said?" They said, "We will be responsible for it."
So, whatever Al−Hasan asked they said, "We will be responsible
for it for you." So, Al−Hasan concluded a peace treaty with
Muawiya. Al−Hasan (Al−Basri) said: I heard Abu Bakr saying, "I
saw Allah's Apostle on the pulpit and Al−Hasan bin `Ali was by
his side. The Prophet was looking once at the people and once
at Al−Hasan bin `Ali saying, 'This son of mine is a Saiyid
(i.e. a noble) and may Allah make peace between two big groups
of Muslims through him."
3.868:
Narrated Aisha:
Once Allah's Apostle heard the loud voices of some opponents
quarreling at the door. One of them was appealing to the other
to deduct his debt and asking him to be lenient but the other
was saying, "By Allah I will not do so." Allah's Apostle went
out to them and said, "Who is the one who was swearing by
Allah that he would not do a favor?" That man said, "I am that
person, O Allah's Apostle! I will give my opponent whatever he
wishes."
3.869:
Narrated `Abdullah bin Ka`b bin Malik from Ka`b bin Malik:
`Abdullah bin Abu Hadrad Al−Aslami owed Ka`b bin Malik some
money. One day the latter met the former and demanded his
right, and their voices grew very loud. The Prophet passed by
them and said, "O Ka`b," beckoning with his hand as if
intending to say, "Deduct half the debts." So, Ka`b took half
what the other owed him and remitted the other half.
3.870:
Narrated Abu Huraira: Allah's Apostle said, "There is a Sadaqa
to be given for every joint of the human body; and for every
day on which the sun rises there is a reward of a Sadaqa (i.e.
charitable gift) for the one who establishes justice among
people."
3.871:
Narrated `Urwa bin Az−Zubair: Az−Zubair told me that he
quarreled with an Ansari man who had participated in (the
battle of) Badr in front of Allah's Apostle about a water
stream which both of them used for irrigation. Allah's Apostle
said to Az−Zubair, "O Zubair! Irrigate (your garden) first,
and then let the water flow to your neighbor." The Ansari
became angry and said, "O Allah's Apostle! Is it because he is
your cousin?" On that the complexion of Allah's Apostle
changed (because of anger) and said (to Az−Zubair), "I
irrigate (your garden) and then withhold the water till it
reaches the walls (surrounding the palms)." So, Allah's
Apostle gave Az−Zubair his full right. Before that Allah's
Apostle had given a generous judgment beneficial for Az−Zubair
and the Ansari, but when the Ansan irritated Allah's Apostle
he gave Az−Zubair his full right according to the evident law.
Az−Zubair said, "By Allah ! I think the following Verse was
revealed concerning that case: "But no by your Lord They can
have No faith Until they make you judge In all disputes
between them." (4.65)
3.872:
Narrated Jabir bin `Abdullah: My father died and was in debt.
I suggested that his creditors take the fruits (i.e. dates) of
my garden in lieu of the debt of my father, but they refused
the offer, as they thought that it would not cover the full
debt. So, I went to the Prophet and told him about it. He said
(to me), "When you pluck the dates and collect them in the
Mirbad (i.e. a place where dates are dried), call me (Allah's
Apostle)." Finally he came accompanied by Abu Bakr and `Umar
and sat on the dates and invoked Allah to bless them. Then he
said, "Call your creditors and give them their full rights."
So, I paid all my father's creditors in full and yet thirteen
extra Wasqs of dates remained, seven of which were 'Ajwa and
six were Laun or six of which were Ajwa and seven were Laun. I
met Allah's Apostle at sunset and informed him about it. On
that he smiled and said, "Go to Abu Bakr and `Umar and tell
them about it." They said, "We perceived that was going to
happen, as Allah's Apostle did what he did."
3.873:
Narrated `Abdullah bin Ka`b: That Ka`b bin Malik told him that
in the lifetime of Allah's Apostle he demanded his debt from
Ibn Abu Hadrad in the Mosque. Their voices grew louder till
Allah's Apostle heard them while he was in his house. So he
lifted the curtain of his room and called Ka`b bin Malik
saying, "O Ka`b!" He replied, "Labbaik! O Allah's Apostle!" He
beckoned to him with his hand suggesting that he deduct half
the debt. Ka`b said, "I agree, O Allah's Apostle!" Allah's
Apostle then said (to Ibn Abu Hadrad), "Get up and pay him the
rest."
Bk. 50: Conditions
3.874:
Narrated Marwan and al−Miswar bin Makhrama: (from the
companions of Allah's Apostle) When Suhail bin `Amr agreed to
the Treaty (of Hudaibiya), one of the things he stipulated
then, was that the Prophet should return to them (i.e. the
pagans) anyone coming to him from their side, even if he was a
Muslim; and would not interfere between them and that person.
The Muslims did not like this condition and got disgusted with
it. Suhail did not agree except with that condition. So, the
Prophet agreed to that condition and returned Abu Jandal to
his father Suhail bin `Amr. Thenceforward the Prophet returned
everyone in that period (of truce) even if he was a Muslim.
During that period some believing women emigrants including Um
Kulthum bint `Uqba bin Abu Muait who came to Allah's Apostle
and she was a young lady then. Her relative came to the
Prophet and asked him to return her, but the Prophet did not
return her to them for Allah had revealed the following Verse
regarding women: "O you who believe! When the believing women
come to you as emigrants. Examine them, Allah knows best as to
their belief, then if you know them for true believers, Send
them not back to the unbelievers, (for) they are not lawful
(wives) for the disbelievers, Nor are the unbelievers lawful
(husbands) for them (60.10) Narrated `Urwa: Aisha told me,
"Allah's Apostle used to examine them according to this Verse:
"O you who believe! When the believing women come to you, as
emigrants test them . . . for Allah is Oft−Forgiving, Most
Merciful." (60.10−12) Aisha said, "When any of them agreed to
that condition Allah's Apostle would say to her, 'I have
accepted your pledge of allegiance.' He would only say that,
but, by Allah he never touched the hand of any women (i.e.
never shook hands with them) while taking the pledge of
allegiance and he never took their pledge of allegiance except
by his words (only).
3.875:
Narrated Jarir:
When I gave the pledge of allegiance to Allah's Apostle and he
stipulated that I should give good advice to every Muslim.
3.876:
Narrated Jabir bin `Abdullah: I gave the pledge of allegiance
to Allah's Apostle for offering the prayers perfectly paying
the Zakat and giving good advice to every Muslim.
3.877:
Narrated `Abdullah bin `Umar: Allah's Apostle said, "If
someone sells pollinated date−palms, their fruits will be for
the seller, unless the buyer stipulates the contrary."
3.878:
Narrated `Urwa:
Aisha told me that Buraira came to seek her help in writing
for emancipation and at that time she had not paid any part of
her price. `Aisha said to her, "Go to your masters and if they
agree that I will pay your price (and free you) on condition
that your Wala' will be for me, I will pay the money." Buraira
told her masters about that, but they refused, and said, "If
`Aisha wants to do a favor she could, but your Wala will be
for us." Aisha informed Allah's Apostle of that and he said to
her, "Buy and manumit Buraira as the Wala' will go to the
manumitted."
3.879:
Narrated Jabir:
While I was riding a (slow) and tired camel, the Prophet
passed by and beat it and prayed for Allah's Blessings for it.
The camel became so fast as it had never been before. The
Prophet then said, "Sell it to me for one Uqiyya (of gold)." I
said, "No." He again said, "Sell it to me for one Uqiyya (of
gold)." I sold it and stipulated that I should ride it to my
house. When we reached (Medina) I took that camel to the
Prophet and he gave me its price. I returned home but he sent
for me (and when I went to him) he said, "I will not take your
camel. Take your camel as a gift for you." (Various narrations
are mentioned here with slight variations in expressions
relating the condition that Jabir had the right to ride the
sold camel up to Medina).
3.880:
Narrated Abu Huraira: The Ansar said to the Prophet, "Divide
our date−palms between us and our emigrant brothers." The
Prophet said, "No." The Ansar said to the emigrants, "You may
do the labor (in our gardens) and we will share the fruits
with you." The emigrants said, "We hear and obey."
3.881:
Narrated `Abdullah bin `Umar: Allah's Apostle gave the land of
Khaibar to the Jews on the condition that they would work on
it and cultivate it and they would get half of its yield.
3.882:
Narrated `Uqba bin Amir: Allah's Apostle said, "From among all
the conditions which you have to fulfill, the conditions which
make it legal for you to have sexual relations (i.e. the
marriage contract) have the greatest right to be fulfilled."
3.883:
Narrated Rafi` bin Khadij: We used to work on the fields more
than the other Ansar, and we used to rent the land (for the
yield of a specific portion of it). But sometimes that portion
or the rest of the land did not give any yield, so we were
forbidden (by the Prophet ) to follow such a system, but we
were allowed to rent the land for money.
3.884:
Narrated Abu Huraira: The Prophet said, "No town−dweller
should sell for a bedouin. Do not practice Najsh (i.e. Do not
offer a high price for a thing which you do not want to buy,
in order to deceive the people). No Muslim should offer more
for a thing already bought by his Muslim brother, nor should
he demand the hand of a girl already engaged to another
Muslim. A Muslim woman shall not try to bring about The
divorce of her sister (i.e. another Muslim woman) in order to
take her place herself."
3.885:
Narrated Abu Huraira and Zaid bin Khalid Al−Juhani: A bedouin
came to Allah's Apostle and said, "O Allah's apostle! I ask
you by Allah to judge My case according to Allah's Laws." His
opponent, who was more learned than he, said, "Yes, judge
between us according to Allah's Laws, and allow me to speak."
Allah's Apostle said, "Speak." He (i .e. the bedouin or the
other man) said, "My son was working as a laborer for this
(man) and he committed illegal sexual intercourse with his
wife. The people told me that it was obligatory that my son
should be stoned to death, so in lieu of that I ransomed my
son by paying one hundred sheep and a slave girl. Then I asked
the religious scholars about it, and they informed me that my
son must be lashed one hundred lashes, and be exiled for one
year, and the wife of this (man) must be stoned to death."
Allah's Apostle said, "By Him in Whose Hands my soul is, I
will judge between you according to Allah's Laws. The
slave−girl and the sheep are to be returned to you, your son
is to receive a hundred lashes and be exiled for one year.
You, Unais, go to the wife of this (man) and if she confesses
her guilt, stone her to death." Unais went to that woman next
morning and she confessed. Allah's Apostle ordered that she be
stoned to death.
3.886:
Narrated Aiman Al−Makki: When I visited Aisha she said,
"Buraira who had a written contract for her emancipation for a
certain amount came to me and said, "O mother of the
believers! Buy me and manumit me, as my masters will sell me."
Aisha agreed to it. Buraira said, 'My masters will sell me on
the condition that my Wala will go to them." Aisha said to
her, 'Then I am not in need of you.' The Prophet heard of that
or was told about it and so he asked Aisha, 'What is the
problem of Buraira?' He said, 'Buy her and manumit her, no
matter what they stipulate.' Aisha added, 'I bought and
manumitted her, though her masters had stipulated that her
Wala would be for them.' The Prophet said, The Wala is for the
liberator, even if the other stipulated a hundred conditions."
3.887:
Narrated Abu Huraira: Allah's Apostle forbade (1) the meeting
of the caravan (of goods) on the way, (2) and that a residing
person buys for a bedouin, (3) and that a woman stipulates the
divorce of the wife of the would−be husband, (4) and that a
man tries to cause the cancellation of a bargain concluded by
another. He also forbade An−Najsh (see Hadith 824) and that
one withholds the milk in the udder of the animal so that he
may deceive people on selling it.
3.888:
Narrated Ubai bin Ka`b: Allah's Apostle said, "Moses the
Apostle of Allah," and then he narrated the whole story about
him. Al−Khadir said to Moses, "Did not I tell you that you can
have no patience with me." (18.72). Moses then violated the
agreement for the first time because of forgetfulness, then
Moses promised that if he asked Al−Khadir about anything, the
latter would have the right to desert him. Moses abided by
that condition and on the third occasion he intentionally
asked Al−Khadir and caused that condition to be applied. The
three occasions referred to above are referred to by the
following Verses: "Call me not to account for forgetting And
be not hard upon me." (18.73) "Then they met a boy and Khadir
killed him." (18.74) "Then they proceeded and found a wall
which was on the verge of falling and Khadir set it up
straight." (18.77)
3.889:
Narrated `Urwa:
Aisha said, "Buraira came to me and said, 'My people (masters)
have written the contract for my emancipation for nine Awaq )
of gold) to be paid in yearly installments, one Uqiyya per
year; so help me." Aisha said (to her), "If your masters
agree, I will pay them the whole sum provided the Wala will be
for me." Buraira went to her masters and told them about it,
but they refused the offer and she returned from them while
Allah's Apostles was sitting. She said, "I presented the offer
to them, but they refused unless the Wala' would be for them."
When the Prophet heard that and `Aisha told him about It, he
said to her, "Buy Buraira and let them stipulate that her
Wala' will be for them, as the Wala' is for the manumitted."
`Aisha did so. After that Allah's Apostle got up amidst the
people, Glorified and Praised Allah and said, "What is wrong
with some people who stipulate things which are not in Allah's
Laws? Any condition which is not in Allah's Laws is invalid
even if there were a hundred such conditions. Allah's Rules
are the most valid and Allah's Conditions are the most solid.
The Wala is for the manumitted."
3.890:
Narrated Ibn `Umar: When the people of Khaibar dislocated
`Abdullah bin `Umar's hands and feet, `Umar got up delivering
a sermon saying, "No doubt, Allah's Apostle made a contract
with the Jews concerning their properties, and said to them,
'We allow you (to stand in your land) as long as Allah allows
you.' Now `Abdullah bin `Umar went to his land and was
attacked at night, and his hands and feet were dislocated, and
as we have no enemies there except those Jews, they are our
enemies and the only people whom we suspect, I have made up my
mind to exile them." When `Umar decided to carry out his
decision, a son of Abu Al−Haqiq's came and addressed `Umar, "O
chief of the believers, will you exile us although Muhammad
allowed us to stay at our places, and made a contract with us
about our properties, and accepted the condition of our
residence in our land?" `Umar said, "Do you think that I have
forgotten the statement of Allah's Apostle, i.e.: What will
your condition be when you are expelled from Khaibar and your
camel will be carrying you night after night?" The Jew
replied, "That was joke from Abul−Qasim." `Umar said, "O the
enemy of Allah! You are telling a lie." `Umar then drove them
out and paid them the price of their properties in the form of
fruits, money, camel saddles and ropes, etc."
3.891:
Narrated Al−Miswar bin Makhrama and Marwan: (whose narrations
attest each other) Allah's Apostle set out at the time of
Al−Hudaibiya (treaty), and when they proceeded for a distance,
he said, "Khalid bin Al−Walid leading the cavalry of Quraish
constituting the front of the army, is at a place called
Al−Ghamim, so take the way on the right." By Allah, Khalid did
not perceive the arrival of the Muslims till the dust arising
from the march of the Muslim army reached him, and then he
turned back hurriedly to inform Quraish. The Prophet went on
advancing till he reached the Thaniya (i.e. a mountainous way)
through which one would go to them (i.e. people of Quraish).
The she−camel of the Prophet sat down. The people tried their
best to cause the she−camel to get up but in vain, so they
said, "Al−Qaswa' (i.e. the she−camel's name) has become
stubborn! Al−Qaswa' has become stubborn!" The Prophet said,
"Al−Qaswa' has not become stubborn, for stubbornness is not
her habit, but she was stopped by Him Who stopped the
elephant." Then he said, "By the Name of Him in Whose Hands my
soul is, if they (i.e. the Quraish infidels) ask me anything
which will respect the ordinances of Allah, I will grant it to
them." The Prophet then rebuked the she−camel and she got up.
The Prophet changed his way till he dismounted at the farthest
end of Al−Hudaibiya at a pit (i.e. well) containing a little
water which the people used in small amounts, and in a short
while the people used up all its water and complained to
Allah's Apostle; of thirst. The Prophet took an arrow out of
his arrow−case and ordered them to put the arrow in that pit.
By Allah, the water started and continued sprouting out till
all the people quenched their thirst and returned with
satisfaction. While they were still in that state, Budail bin
Warqa−al−Khuza`i came with some persons from his tribe Khuza`a
and they were the advisers of Allah's Apostle who would keep
no secret from him and were from the people of Tihama. Budail
said, "I left Ka`b bin Luai and 'Amir bin Luai residing at the
profuse water of Al−Hudaibiya and they had milch camels (or
their women and children) with them, and will wage war against
you, and will prevent you from visiting the Ka`ba." Allah's
Apostle said, "We have not come to fight anyone, but to
perform the `Umra. No doubt, the war has weakened Quraish and
they have suffered great losses, so if they wish, I will
conclude a truce with them, during which they should refrain
from interfering between me and the people (i.e. the 'Arab
infidels other than Quraish), and if I have victory over those
infidels, Quraish will have the option to embrace Islam as the
other people do, if they wish; they will at least get strong
enough to fight. But if they do not accept the truce, by Allah
in Whose Hands my life is, I will fight with them defending my
Cause till I get killed, but (I am sure) Allah will definitely
make His Cause victorious." Budail said, "I will inform them
of what you have said." So, he set off till he reached Quraish
and said, "We have come from that man (i.e. Muhammad) whom we
heard saying something which we will disclose to you if you
should like." Some of the fools among Quraish shouted that
they were not in need of this information, but the wiser among
them said, "Relate what you heard him saying." Budail said, "I
heard him saying so−and−so," relating what the Prophet had
told him. `Urwa bin Mas`ud got up and said, "O people! Aren't
you the sons? They said, "Yes." He added, "Am I not the
father?" They said, "Yes." He said, "Do you mistrust me?" They
said, "No." He said, "Don't you know that I invited the people
of `Ukaz for your help, and when they refused I brought my
relatives and children and those who obeyed me (to help you)?"
They said, "Yes." He said, "Well, this man (i.e. the Prophet)
has offered you a reasonable proposal, you'd better accept it
and allow me to meet him." They said, "You may meet him." So,
he went to the Prophet and started talking to him. The Prophet
told him almost the same as he had told Budail. Then `Urwa
said, "O Muhammad! Won't you feel any scruple in extirpating
your relations? Have you ever heard of anyone amongst the
Arabs extirpating his relatives before you? On the other hand,
if the reverse should happen, (nobody will aid you, for) by
Allah, I do not see (with you) dignified people, but people
from various tribes who would run away leaving you alone."
Hearing that, Abu Bakr abused him and said, "Do you say we
would run and leave the Prophet alone?" `Urwa said, "Who is
that man?" They said, "He is Abu Bakr." `Urwa said to Abu
Bakr, "By Him in Whose Hands my life is, were it not for the
favor which you did to me and which I did not compensate, I
would retort on you." `Urwa kept on talking to the Prophet and
seizing the Prophet's beard as he was talking while Al−Mughira
bin Shu`ba was standing near the head of the Prophet, holding
a sword and wearing a helmet. Whenever `Urwa stretched his
hand towards the beard of the Prophet, Al−Mughira would hit
his hand with the handle of the sword and say (to `Urwa),
"Remove your hand from the beard of Allah's Apostle." `Urwa
raised his head and asked, "Who is that?" The people said, "He
is Al−Mughira bin Shu`ba." `Urwa said, "O treacherous! Am I
not doing my best to prevent evil consequences of your
treachery?" Before embracing Islam Al−Mughira was in the
company of some people. He killed them and took their property
and came (to Medina) to embrace Islam. The Prophet said (to
him, "As regards your Islam, I accept it, but as for the
property I do not take anything of it. (As it was taken
through treason). `Urwa then started looking at the Companions
of the Prophet. By Allah, whenever Allah's Apostle spat, the
spittle would fall in the hand of one of them (i.e. the
Prophet's companions) who would rub it on his face and skin;
if he ordered them they would carry his orders immediately; if
he performed ablution, they would struggle to take the
remaining water; and when they spoke to him, they would lower
their voices and would not look at his face constantly out of
respect. `Urwa returned to his people and said, "O people! By
Allah, I have been to the kings and to Caesar, Khosrau and
An−Najashi, yet I have never seen any of them respected by his
courtiers as much as Muhammad is respected by his companions.
By Allah, if he spat, the spittle would fall in the hand of
one of them (i.e. the Prophet's companions) who would rub it
on his face and skin; if he ordered them, they would carry out
his order immediately; if he performed ablution, they would
struggle to take the remaining water; and when they spoke,
they would lower their voices and would not look at his face
constantly out of respect." `Urwa added, "No doubt, he has
presented to you a good reasonable offer, so please accept
it." A man from the tribe of Bani Kinana said, "Allow me to go
to him," and they allowed him, and when he approached the
Prophet and his companions, Allah's Apostle said, "He is
so−and−so who belongs to the tribe that respects the Budn
(i.e. camels of the sacrifice). So, bring the Budn in front of
him." So, the Budn were brought before him and the people
received him while they were reciting Talbiya. When he saw
that scene, he said, "Glorified be Allah! It is not fair to
prevent these people from visiting the Ka`ba." When he
returned to his people, he said, 'I saw the Budn garlanded
(with colored knotted ropes) and marked (with stabs on their
backs). I do not think it is advisable to prevent them from
visiting the Ka`ba." Another person called Mikraz bin Hafs got
up and sought their permission to go to Muhammad, and they
allowed him, too. When he approached the Muslims, the Prophet
said, "Here is Mikraz and he is a vicious man." Mikraz started
talking to the Prophet and as he was talking, Suhail bin `Amr
came. When Suhail bin `Amr came, the Prophet said, "Now the
matter has become easy." Suhail said to the Prophet "Please
conclude a peace treaty with us." So, the Prophet called the
clerk and said to him, "Write: By the Name of Allah, the most
Beneficent, the most Merciful." Suhail said, "As for
'Beneficent,' by Allah, I do not know what it means. So write:
By Your Name O Allah, as you used to write previously." The
Muslims said, "By Allah, we will not write except: By the Name
of Allah, the most Beneficent, the most Merciful." The Prophet
said, "Write: By Your Name O Allah." Then he dictated, "This
is the peace treaty which Muhammad, Allah's Apostle has
concluded." Suhail said, "By Allah, if we knew that you are
Allah's Apostle we would not prevent you from visiting the
Ka`ba, and would not fight with you. So, write: "Muhammad bin
`Abdullah." The Prophet said, "By Allah! I am Apostle of Allah
even if you people do not believe me. Write: Muhammad bin
`Abdullah." (Az−Zuhri said, "The Prophet accepted all those
things, as he had already said that he would accept everything
they would demand if it respects the ordinance of Allah, (i.e.
by letting him and his companions perform `Umra.)" The Prophet
said to Suhail, "On the condition that you allow us to visit
the House (i.e. Ka`ba) so that we may perform Tawaf around
it." Suhail said, "By Allah, we will not (allow you this year)
so as not to give chance to the 'Arabs to say that we have
yielded to you, but we will allow you next year." So, the
Prophet got that written. Then Suhail said, "We also stipulate
that you should return to us whoever comes to you from us,
even if he embraced your religion." The Muslims said,
"Glorified be Allah! How will such a person be returned to the
pagans after he has become a Muslim? While they were in this
state Abu− Jandal bin Suhail bin `Amr came from the valley of
Mecca staggering with his fetters and fell down amongst the
Muslims. Suhail said, "O Muhammad! This is the very first term
with which we make peace with you, i.e. you shall return Abu
Jandal to me." The Prophet said, "The peace treaty has not
been written yet." Suhail said, "I will never allow you to
keep him." The Prophet said, "Yes, do." He said, "I won't do.:
Mikraz said, "We allow you (to keep him)." Abu Jandal said, "O
Muslims! Will I be returned to the pagans though I have come
as a Muslim? Don't you see how much I have suffered?"
(continued...)
@(continuing... 1): −3.891:... ... Abu Jandal had been
tortured severely for the Cause of Allah. `Umar bin Al−Khattab
said, "I went to the Prophet and said, 'Aren't you truly the
Apostle of Allah?' The Prophet said, 'Yes, indeed.' I said,
'Isn't our Cause just and the cause of the enemy unjust?' He
said, 'Yes.' I said, 'Then why should we be humble in our
religion?' He said, 'I am Allah's Apostle and I do not disobey
Him, and He will make me victorious.' I said, 'Didn't you tell
us that we would go to the Ka`ba and perform Tawaf around it?'
He said, 'Yes, but did I tell you that we would visit the
Ka`ba this year?' I said, 'No.' He said, 'So you will visit it
and perform Tawaf around it?' " `Umar further said, "I went to
Abu Bakr and said, 'O Abu Bakr! Isn't he truly Allah's
Prophet?' He replied, 'Yes.' I said, 'Then why should we be
humble in our religion?' He said, 'Indeed, he is Allah's
Apostle and he does not disobey his Lord, and He will make him
victorious. Adhere to him as, by Allah, he is on the right.' I
said, 'Was he not telling us that we would go to the Ka`ba and
perform Tawaf around it?' He said, 'Yes, but did he tell you
that you would go to the Ka`ba this year?' I said, 'No.' He
said, "You will go to Ka`ba and perform Tawaf around it."
(Az−Zuhri said, " `Umar said, 'I performed many good deeds as
expiation for the improper questions I asked them.' ") When
the writing of the peace treaty was concluded, Allah's Apostle
said to his companions, "Get up and' slaughter your sacrifices
and get your head shaved." By Allah none of them got up, and
the Prophet repeated his order thrice. When none of them got
up, he left them and went to Um Salama and told her of the
people's attitudes towards him. Um Salama said, "O the Prophet
of Allah! Do you want your order to be carried out? Go out and
don't say a word to anybody till you have slaughtered your
sacrifice and call your barber to shave your head." So, the
Prophet went out and did not talk to anyone of them till he
did that, i.e. slaughtered the sacrifice and called his barber
who shaved his head. Seeing that, the companions of the
Prophet got up, slaughtered their sacrifices, and started
shaving the heads of one another, and there was so much rush
that there was a danger of killing each other. Then some
believing women came (to the Prophet ); and Allah revealed the
following Divine Verses:−− "O you who believe, when the
believing women come to you as emigrants examine them . . ."
(60.10) `Umar then divorced two wives of his who were
infidels. Later on Muawiya bin Abu Sufyan married one of them,
and Safwan bin Umaiya married the other. When the Prophet
returned to Medina, Abu Basir, a new Muslim convert from
Quraish came to him. The Infidels sent in his pursuit two men
who said (to the Prophet ), "Abide by the promise you gave
us." So, the Prophet handed him over to them. They took him
out (of the City) till they reached Dhul−Hulaifa where they
dismounted to eat some dates they had with them. Abu Basir
said to one of them, "By Allah, O so−and−so, I see you have a
fine sword." The other drew it out (of the scabbard) and said,
"By Allah, it is very fine and I have tried it many times."
Abu Basir said, "Let me have a look at it." When the other
gave it to him, he hit him with it till he died, and his
companion ran away till he came to Medina and entered the
Mosque running. When Allah's Apostle saw him he said, "This
man appears to have been frightened." When he reached the
Prophet he said, "My companion has been murdered and I would
have been murdered too." Abu Basir came and said, "O Allah's
Apostle, by Allah, Allah has made you fulfill your obligations
by your returning me to them (i.e. the Infidels), but Allah
has saved me from them." The Prophet said, "Woe to his mother!
what excellent war kindler he would be, should he only have
supporters." When Abu Basir heard that he understood that the
Prophet would return him to them again, so he set off till he
reached the seashore. Abu Jandal bin Suhail got himself
released from them (i.e. infidels) and joined Abu Basir. So,
whenever a man from Quraish embraced Islam he would follow Abu
Basir till they formed a strong group. By Allah, whenever they
heard about a caravan of Quraish heading towards Sham, they
stopped it and attacked and killed them (i.e. infidels) and
took their properties. The people of Quraish sent a message to
the Prophet requesting him for the Sake of Allah and Kith and
kin to send for (i.e. Abu Basir and his companions) promising
that whoever (amongst them) came to the Prophet would be
secure. So the Prophet sent for them (i.e. Abu Basir's
companions) and Allah I revealed the following Divine Verses:
"And it is He Who Has withheld their hands from you and your
hands From them in the midst of Mecca, After He made you the
victorious over them. . . . the unbelievers had pride and
haughtiness, in their hearts . . . the pride and haughtiness
of the time of ignorance." (48.24−26) And their pride and
haughtiness was that they did not confess (write in the
treaty) that he (i.e. Muhammad) was the Prophet of Allah and
refused to write: "In the Name of Allah, the most Beneficent,
the Most Merciful," and prevented the Mushriks from visiting
the Ka`ba. Narrated Az−Zuhri: `Urwa said, "Aisha told me that
Allah's Apostle used to examine the women emigrants. We have
been told also that when Allah revealed the order that the
Muslims should return to the pagans what they had spent on
their wives who emigrated (after embracing Islam) and that the
Mushriks should not. keep unbelieving women as their wives,
`Umar divorced two of his wives, Qariba, the daughter of Abu
Urhaiya and the daughter of Jarwal Al−Khuza`i. Later on
Mu'awiya married Qariba and Abu Jahm married the other." When
the pagans refused to pay what the Muslims had spent on their
wives, Allah revealed: "And if any of your wives have gone
from you to the unbelievers and you have an accession (By the
coming over of a woman from the other side) (Then pay to those
whose wives have gone) The equivalent of what they had spent
(On their Mahr)." (60.11) So, Allah ordered that the Muslim
whose wife, has gone, should be given, as a compensation of
the Mahr he had given to his wife, from the Mahr of the wives
of the pagans who had emigrated deserting their husbands. We
do not know any of the women emigrants who deserted Islam
after embracing it. We have also been told that Abu Basir bin
Asid Ath−Thaqafi came to the Prophet as a Muslim emigrant
during the truce. Al−Akhnas bin Shariq wrote to the Prophet
requesting him to return Abu Basir.
3.892:
Narrated Abu Huraira: Allah's Apostle mentioned a person who
asked an Israeli man to lend him one−thousand Dinars, and the
Israeli lent him the sum for a certain fixed period.
3.893:
Narrated `Amra:
Aisha said that Buraira came to seek her help in the writing
of her emancipation. `Aisha said to her, "If you wish, I will
pay your masters (your price) and the wala' will be for me."
When Allah's Apostle came, she told him about it. The Prophet
said to her, "Buy her (i.e. Buraira) and manumit her, for the
Wala is for the one who manumits." Then Allah's Apostle
ascended the pulpit and said, "What about those people who
stipulate conditions which are not in Allah's Laws? Whoever
stipulates such conditions as are not in Allah's Laws, then
those conditions are invalid even if he stipulated a hundred
such conditions."
3.894:
Narrated Abu Huraira: Allah's Apostle said, "Allah has
ninety−nine names, i.e. one−hundred minus one, and whoever
knows them will go to Paradise." (Please see Hadith No. 419
Vol. 8)
3.895:
Narrated Ibn `Umar: `Umar bin Khattab got some land in Khaibar
and he went to the Prophet to consult him about it saying, "O
Allah's Apostle I got some land in Khaibar better than which I
have never had, what do you suggest that I do with it?" The
Prophet said, "If you like you can give the land as endowment
and give its fruits in charity." So `Umar gave it in charity
as an endowment on the condition that would not be sold nor
given to anybody as a present and not to be inherited, but its
yield would be given in charity to the poor people, to the
Kith and kin, for freeing slaves, for Allah's Cause, to the
travelers and guests; and that there would be no harm if the
guardian of the endowment ate from it according to his need
with good intention, and fed others without storing it for the
future."
