Bk 1 Faith (Kitab Al−Iman)
Chapter 1:...
Bk 1, Number 0001:
It is narrated on the authority of Yahya b. Ya'mur that the
first man who discussed about Qadr (Divine Decree) in Basra
was Ma'bad al−Juhani. I along with Humaid b. 'Abdur−Rahman
Himyari set out for prilgrimage or for 'Umrah and said: Should
it so happen that we come into contact with one of the
Companions of the Messenger of Allah (peace be upon him) we
shall ask him a bout what is talked about Taqdir (Division
Decree). Accidentally we came across Abdullah ibn Umar ibn
al−Khattab, while he was entering the mosque. My companion and
I surrounded him. One of us (stood) on his right and the other
stood on his left. I expected that my companion would
authorize me to speak. I therefore said: Abu Abdur Rahman!
there have appeared some people in our land who recite the
Holy Qur'an and pursue knowledge. And then after talking about
their affairs, added: They (such people) claim that there is
no such thing as Divine Decree and events are not predestined.
He (Abdullah ibn Umar) said: When you happen to meet such
people tell them that I have nothing to do with them and they
have nothing to do with me. And verily they are in no way
responsible for my (belief). Abdullah ibn Umar swore by Him
(the Lord) (and said): If any one of them (who does not
believe in the Divine Decree) had with him gold equal to the
bulk of (the mountain) Uhud and then, it (in the way of
Allah), Allah would not accept it unless he affirmed his faith
in Divine Decree. He further said: My father, Umar ibn
al−Khattab, told me: One day we were sitting in the company of
Allah's Apostle (peace be upon him) when there appeared before
us a man dressed in pure white clothes, his hair
extraordinarily black. There were no signs of travel on him.
None amongst us recognized him. At last he sat with the
Apostle (peace be upon him) He knelt before him placed his
palms on his thighs and said: Muhammad, inform me about
al−Islam. The Messenger of Allah (peace be upon him) said:
Al−Islam implies that you testify that there is no god but
Allah and that Muhammad is the messenger of Allah, and you
establish prayer, pay Zakat, observe the fast of Ramadan, and
perform pilgrimage to the (House) if you are solvent enough
(to bear the expense of) the journey. He (the inquirer) said:
You have told the truth. He (Umar ibn al−Khattab) said: It
amazed us that he would put the question and then he would
himself verify the truth. He (the inquirer) said: Inform me
about Iman (faith). He (the Holy Prophet) replied: That you
affirm your faith in Allah, in His angels, in His Books, in
His Apostles, in the Day of Judgment, and you affirm your
faith in the Divine Decree about good and evil. He (the
inquirer) said: You have told the truth. He (the inquirer)
again said: Inform me about al−Ihsan (performance of good
deeds). He (the Holy Prophet) said: That you worship Allah as
if you are seeing Him, for though you don't see Him, He,
verily, sees you. He (the enquirer) again said: Inform me
about the hour (of the Doom). He (the Holy Prophet) remarked:
One who is asked knows no more than the one who is inquiring
(about it). He (the inquirer) said: Tell me some of its
indications. He (the Holy Prophet) said: That the slave−girl
will give birth to her mistress and master, that you will find
barefooted, destitute goat−herds vying with one another in the
construction of magnificent buildings. He (the narrator, Umar
ibn al−Khattab) said: Then he (the inquirer) went on his way
but I stayed with him (the Holy Prophet) for a long while. He
then, said to me: Umar, do you know who this inquirer was? I
replied: Allah and His Apostle knows best. He (the Holy
Prophet) remarked: He was Gabriel (the angel). He came to you
in order to instruct you in matters of religion.
Bk 1, Number 0002:
It is narrated on the authority of Yahya b. Ya'mur that when
Ma'bad discussed the problem pertaining to Divine Decree, we
refuted that. He (the narrator) said: I and Humaid b.
Abdur−Rahman Himyari argued. And they carried on the
conversation about the purport of the hadith related by Kahmas
and its chain of transmission too, and there is some variation
of words.
Bk 1, Number 0003:
It is narrated on the authority of Yahya b. Ya'mur and Humaid
b. 'Abdur−Rahman that they said: We met Abdullah b. 'Umar and
we discussed about the Divine Decree, and what they talked
about it and he narrated the hadith that has been transmitted
by 'Umar (may Allah be pleased with him) from the Apostle (may
peace be upon him). There is a slight variation in that.
Chapter 2: WHAT IS IMAN AND WHAT ARE ITS CHARACTERISTICS
Bk 1, Number 0004:
Abu Huraira reported: One day the Messenger of Allah (may
peace be upon him) appeared before the public that a man came
to him and said: Prophet of Allah, (tell me) what is Iman.
Upon this he (the Holy Prophet) replied: That you affirm your
faith in Allah, His angels, His Books, His meeting, His
Messengers and that you affirm your faith in the Resurrection
hereafter. He (again) said: Messenger of Allah, (tell me) what
does al−Islam signify. He (the Holy Prophet) replied: Al−Islam
signifies that you worship Allah and do not associate anything
with Him and you establish obligatory prayer and you pay the
obligatory poor−rate (Zakat) and you observe the fast of
Ramadan. He (the inquirer) again said: Messenger of Allah,
what does al−Ihsan imply? He (the Holy Prophet) replied: That
you worship Allah as if you are seeing Him, and in case you
fail to see Him, then observe prayer (with this idea in your
mind) that (at least) He is seeing you. He (the inquirer )
again said: Messenger of Allah, when would there be the hour
(of Doom)? He (the Holy Prophet) replied: The one who is asked
about it is no better informed than the inquirer. I, however,
narrate some of its signs (and these are): when the slave−girl
will give birth to he master, when the naked, barefooted would
become the chiefs of the people − these are some of the signs
of (Doom). (Moreover) when the shepherds of the black (camels)
would exult themselves in buildings, this is one of the signs
of (Doom). (Doom) is one of the five (happenings wrapped in
the unseen) which no one knows but Allah. Then he (the
Messenger of Allah) recited (the verse):" Verily Allah! with
Him alone is the knowledge of the hour and He it is Who sends
(down the rain) and knows that which is in the wombs and no
person knows whatsoever he shall earn tomorrow, and a person
knows not in whatsoever land he shall die. Verily Allah is
Knowing, Aware. He (the narrator, Abu Huraira) said: Then the
person turned back and went away. The Messenger of Allah (may
peace be upon him) said: Bring that man back to me. They (the
Companions of the Holy Prophet present there) went to bring
him back, but they saw nothing there. Upon this the Messenger
of Allah remarked: he was Gabriel, who came to teach the
people their religion.
Bk 1, Number 0005:
This hadith is narrated to us on the authority of Muhammad b.
'Abdullah b. Numair, on the authority of Muhammad b. Bishr, on
the authority of Abd Hayyan al−Taymi with the exception that
in this narration (instead of the words (Iza Waladat al'amah
rabbaha), the words are (Iza Waladat al'amah Ba'laha), i, e,
when slave−girl gives birth to her master.
Bk 1, Number 0006:
It is narrated on the authority of Abu Huraira that the
Messenger of Allah (may peace be upon him) said: Ask me (about
matters pertaining to religion), but they (the Companions of
the Holy Prophet) were too much overawed out of profound
respect for him to ask him (anything). In the meanwhile a man
came there, and sat near his knees and said: Messenger of
Allah, what al−lslam is? −to which he (the Holy Prophet)
replied: You must not associate anything with Allah, and
establish prayer, pay the poor−rate (Zakat) and observe (the
fasts) of Ramadan. He said: You (have) told the truth. He
(again) said: Messenger of Allah, what al−Iman (the faith) is?
He (the Holy Prophet) said: That you affirm your faith in
Allah, His angels, His Books, His meeting, His Apostles, and
that you believe in Resurrection and that you believe in Qadr
(Divine Decree) in all its entirety, He (the inquirer) said:
You (have) told the truth. He (again) said: Messenger of
Allah, what al−Ihsan is? Upon this he (the Holy Prophet) said:
(Al−Ihsan implies) that you fear Allah as if you are seeing
Him, and though you see Him not, verily He is seeing you. He
(the inquirer) said: You (have) told the truth. He (the
inquirer) said: When there would be the hour (of Doom)? (Upon
this) he (the HolyProphet said: The one who is being asked
about it is no better informed than the inquirer himself. I,
however, narrate some of its signs (and these are): when you
see a slave (woman) giving birth to her master − that is one
of the signs of (Doom) ; when you see barefooted, naked, deaf
and dumb (ignorant and foolish persons) as the rulers of the
earth − that is one of the signs of the Doom. And when you see
the shepherds of black camels exult in buildings − that is one
of the signs of Doom. The (Doom) is one of the five things
(wrapped) in the unseen. No one knows them except Allah. Then
(the Holy Prophet) recited (the folowing verse):" Verily
Allah! with Him alone is the knowledge of the hour and He it
is Who sends down the rain and knows that which is in the
wombs and no person knows whatsoever he shall earn on morrow
and a person knows not in whatsoever land he shall die. Verily
Allah is Knowing, Aware. He (the narrator, Abu Huraira) said:
Then the person stood up an (made his way). The Messenger of
Allah (may peace be upon him) said: Bring him back to me. He
was searched for, but they (the Companions of the Holy
Prophet) could not find him. The Messenger of Allah (may peace
be upon him) thereupon said: He was Gabriel and he wanted to
teach you (things pertaining to religion) when you did not ask
(them yourselves).
Chapter 3: ON PRAYER (SALAT) WHICH IS ONE OF THE PILLARS OF
ISLAM
Bk 1, Number 0007:
It is reported on the authority of Talha b. 'Ubaidullah that a
person with dishevelled hair, one of the people of Nejd, came
to the Messenger of Allah (may peace be upon him). We heard
the humming of his voice but could not fully discern what he
had been saying, till he came nigh to the Messenger of Allah
(may peace be upon him). It was then (disclosed to us) that he
was asking questions pertaining to Islam. The Messenger of
Allah (may peace be upon him) said: Five prayers during the
day and the night. (Upon this he said: Am I obliged to say any
other (prayer) besides these? He (the Holy Prophet, ) said:
No, but whatever you observe voluntarily, out of your own free
will, and the fasts of Ramadan. The inquirer said: Am I
obliged to do anything else besides this? He (the Holy
Prophet) said: No, but whatever you do out of your own free
will. And the Messenger of Allah told him about the Zakat
(poor−rate). The inquirer said: Am I obliged to pay anything
else besides this? He (the Holy Prophet) said: No, but
whatever you pay voluntarily out of your own free will. The
man turned back and was saying: I would neither make any
addition to this, nor will decrease anything out of it. The
Prophet remarked: He is successful, if he is true to what he
affirms.
Bk 1, Number 0008:
Another hadith, the like of which has been narrated by Malik
(b. Anas) (and mentioned above) is also reported by Talha b.
'Ubaidullah, with the only variation that the Holy Prophet
remarked: By his father, he shall succeed if he were true (to
what he professed), or: By his father, he would enter heaven
if he were true (to what he professed).
Chapter 4: PERTAINING TO FAITH IN ALLAH
Bk 1, Number 0009:
It is reported on the authority of Anas b. Malik that he said:
We were forbidden that we should ask anything (without the
genuine need) from the Holy Prophet. It, therefore, pleased us
that an intelligent person from the dwellers of the desert
should come and asked him (the Holy Prophet) and we should
listen to it. A man from the dwellers of the desert came (to
the Holy Prophet) and said: Muhammad, your messenger came to
us and told us your assertion that verily Allah had sent you
(as a prophet). He (the Holy Prophet) remarked: He told the
truth. He (the bedouin) said: Who created the heaven? He (the
Holy Prophet) replied: Allah. He (the bedouin again) said: Who
created the earth? He (the Holy Prophet) replied: Allah. He
(the bedouin again) said: Who raised these mountains and who
created in them whatever is created there? He (the Holy
Prophet) replied: Allah. Upon this he (the bedouin) remarked:
By Him Who created the heaven and created the earth and raised
mountains thereupon, has Allah (in fact) sent you? He (the
Holy Prophet) said: Yes. He (the bedouin) said: Your messenger
also told us that five prayers (had been made) obligatory for
us during the day and the night. He (the Holy Prophet)
remarked: He told you the truth. He (the bedouin) said: By Him
Who sent you, is it Allah Who ordered you about this (i. e.
prayers)? He (the Holy Prophet) said: Yes. He (the bedouin)
said: Your messenger told us that Zakat had been made
obligatory in our riches. He (the Holy Prophet) said. He has
told the truth. He (the bedouin) said: By Him Who sent you (as
a prophet), is it Allah Who ordered you about it (Zakat)? He
(the Holy Prophet) said: Yes. He (the bedouin) said: Your
messenger told us that it had been made obligatory for us to
fast every year during the month of Ramadan. He (the Holy
Prophet) said: He has told the truth. He (the bedouin) said:
By Him Who sent you (as a prophet), is it Allah Who ordered
you about it (the fasts of Ramadan)? He (the Holy Prophet)
said: Yes. He (the bedouin) said: Your messenger also told us
that pilgrimage (Hajj) to the House (of Ka'bah) had been made
obligatory for him who is able to undertake the journey to it.
He (the Holy Prophet) said: Yes. The narrator said that he
(the bedouin) set off (at the conclusion of this answer, but
at the time of his departure) remarked: 'By Him Who sent you
with the Truth, I would neither make any addition to them nor
would I diminish anything out of them. Upon this the Holy
Prophet remarked: If he were true (to what he said) he must
enter Paradise.
Bk 1, Number 0010:
It is narrated on the authority of Thabit that Anas said: We
were forbidden in the Holy Qur'an that we should ask about
anything from the Messenger of Allah (may peace be upon him)
and then Anas reported the hadith in similar words.
Chapter 5: CONCERNING IMAN BY WHICH A PERSON WOULD ENTER
HEAVEN
Bk 1, Number 0011:
It is narrated on the authority of Abu Ayyub Ansari that once
during the journey of the Holy Prophet (may peace of Allah be
upon him) a bedouin appeared before him and caught hold of the
nosestring of his she−camel and then said, Messenger of Allah
(or Muhammad), inform me about that which takes me near to
Paradise and draws me away from the Fire (of Hell). He (the
narrator) said: The Prophet (may peace be upon him) stopped
for a while and cast a glance upon his companions and then
said: He was afforded a good opportunity (or he had been
guided well). He (the Holy Prophet) addressing the bedouin
said: (Repeat) whatever you have uttered. He (the bedouin)
repeated that. Upon this the Apostle (may peace be upon him)
remarked: The deed which can draw you near to Paradise and
take you away from Hell is, that you worship Allah and
associate none with Him, and you establish prayer and pay
Zakat, and do good to your kin. After having uttered these
words, the Holy Prophet asked the bedouin to release the
nosestring of his she−camel.
Bk 1, Number 0012:
This hadith is transmitted by Muhammad b. Hatim on the
authority of Abu Ayyub Ansari.
Bk 1, Number 0013:
It is narrated on the authority of Abu Ayyub that a man came
to the Prophet (may peace be upon him) and said: Direct me to
a deed which draws me near to Paradise and takes me away from
the Fire (of Hell). Upon this he (the Holy Prophet) said: You
worship Allah and never associate anything with Him, establish
prayer, and pay Zakat, and do good to your kin. When he turned
his back, the Messenger of Allah (may peace be upon him)
remarked: If he adheres to what he has been ordered to do, he
would enter Paradise.
Bk 1, Number 0014:
It is reported on the authority of Abu Huraira that a bedouin
came to the Messenger of Allah (may peace be upon him) and
said: Messenger of Allah, direct me to a deed by which I may
be entitled to enter Paradise. Upon this he (the Holy Prophet)
remarked: You worship Allah and never associate anything with
Him, establish the obligatory prayer, and pay the Zakat which
is incumbent upon you, and observe the fast of Ramadan. He
(the bedouin) said: By Him in Whose hand is my life, I will
never add anything to it, nor will I diminish anything from
it. When he (the bedouin) turned his back, the Prophet (may
peace be upon him) said: He who is pleased to see a man from
the dwellers of Paradise should catch a glimpse of him.
Bk 1, Number 0015:
It is narrated on the authority of Jabir that Nu'man b. Qaufal
came to the Holy Prophet (may peace be upon him) and said:
Would I enter Paradise if I say the obligatory prayers and
deny myself that which is forbidden and treat that as lawful
what has been made permissible (by the Shari'ah)? The Holy
Prophet (may peace be upon him) replied in the affirmative.
Bk 1, Number 0016:
A similar hadith is narrated on Jabir's authority in which the
following words are added: I will do nothing more.
Bk 1, Number 0017:
It is narrated on the authority of Jabir that a man once said
to the Messenger of Allah (may peace be upon him): Shall I
enter Paradise in case I say the obligatory prayers, observe
the (fasts) of Ramadan and treat that as lawful which has been
made permissible (by the Shari'ah) and deny myself that what
is forbidden, and make no addition to it? He (the Holy
Prophet) replied in the affirmative. He (the inquirer) said:
By Allah, I would add nothing to it.
Chapter 6: CONCERNING THE SAYING OF THE APOSTLE: ISLAM IS
FOUNDED ON FIVE (FUNDAMENTS)
Bk 1, Number 0018:
It is narrated on the authority of ('Abdullah) son of Umar
(may Allah be pleased with them) that the Holy Prophet (may
peace of Allah be upon him) said: (The superstructure of)
al−Islam is raised on five (pillars), i. e. the oneness of
Allah, the establishment of prayer, payment of Zakat, the,
fast of Ramadan, Pilgrimage (to Mecca). A person said (to
'Abdullah b. Umar the narrator): Which of the two precedes the
other−Pilgrimage or the fasts of Rarnadan? Upon this he (the
narrator) replied: No (it is not the Pilgrimage first) but the
fasts of Ramadan precede the Pilgrimage.
Bk 1, Number 0019:
It is narrated on the authority of ('Abdullah) son of 'Umar,
that the Holy Prophet (may peace of Allah be upon him) said:
(The superstructure of) al−Islam is raised on five (pillars),
i. e. Allah (alone) should be worshipped, and (all other gods)
beside Him should be (categorically) denied. Establishment of
prayer, the payment of Zakat, Pilgrimage to the House, and the
fast of Ramadan (are the other obligatory acts besides the
belief in the oneness of Allah and denial of all other gods).
Bk 1, Number 0020:
It is narrated on the authority of 'Abdullah son of 'Umar that
the Messenger of Allah (may peace be upon him) said: (The
superstructure of) al−Islam is raised on five (pillars),
testifying (the fact) that there is no god but Allah, that
Muhammad is His bondsman and messenger, and the establishment
of prayer, payment of Zakat, Pilgrimage to the House (Ka'ba)
and the fast of Ramadan.
Bk 1, Number 0021:
It is reported on the authority of Ta'us that a man said to
'Abdullah son of 'Umar (may Allah be pleased with him). Why
don't you carry out a military expedition? Upon which he
replied: I heard the messenger of Allah (may peace be upon
him) say: Verily, al−Islam is founded on five (pillars):
testifying the fact that there is no god but Allah,
establishment of prayer, payment of Zakat, fast of Ramadan and
Pilgrimage to the House.
Chapter 7: RELATING TO THE COMMAND FOR BELIEF IN ALLAH AND HIS
PROPHET AND THE LAWS OF ISLAM AND INVITING (PEOPLE TO) THEM
Bk 1, Number 0022:
It is narrated on the authority of Ibn 'Abbas that a
delegation of Abdul Qais came to the Messenger of Allah (may
peace be upon him) and said: Messenger of Allah, verily ours
is a tribe of Rabi'a and there stand between you and us the
unbelievers of Mudar and we find no freedom to come to you
except in the sacred month. Direct us to an act which we
should ourselves perform and invite those who live beside us.
Upon this the Prophet remarked: I command you to do four
things and prohibit you against four acts. (The four deeds
which you are commanded to do are): Faith in Allah, and then
he explained it for them and said: Testifying the fact. that
there is no god but Allah, that Muhammad is the messenger of
Allah, performance of prayer, payment of Zakat, that you pay
Khums (one−fifth) of the booty fallen to your lot, and I
prohibit you to use round gourd, wine jars, wooden pots or
skins for wine. Khalaf b. Hisham has made this addition in his
narration: Testifying the fact that there is no god but Allah,
and then he with his finger pointed out the oneness of the
Lord.
Bk 1, Number 0023:
Abu Jamra reported: I was an interpreter between Ibn Abbas and
the people, that a woman happened to come there and asked
about nabidh or the pitcher of wine. He replied: A delegation
of the people of 'Abdul−Qais came to the Messenger of Allah
(may peace be upon him). He (the Holy Prophet) asked the
delegation or the people (of the delegation about their
identity). They replied that they belonged to the tribe of
Rabi'a. He (the Holy Prophet) welcomed the people or the
delegation which were neither humiliated nor put to shame.
They (the members of the delegation) said: Messenger of Allah,
we come to you from a far−off distance and there lives between
you and us a tribe of the unbelievers of Mudar and, therefore,
it is not possible for us to come to you except in the sacred
months. Thus direct us to a clear command, about which we
should inform people beside us and by which we may enter
heaven. He (the Holy Prophet) replied: I command you to do
four deeds and forbid you to do four (acts), and added: I
direct you to affirm belief in Allah alone, and then asked
them: Do you know what belief in Allah really implies? They
said: Allah and His Messenger know best. The Prophet said: It
implies testimony to the fact that there is no god but Allah,
and that Muhammad is the messenger of Allah, establishment of
prayer, payment of Zakat, fast of Ramadan, that you pay
one−fifth of the booty (fallen to your lot) and I forbid you
to use gourd, wine jar, or a receptacle for wine. Shu'ba
sometimes narrated the word naqir (wooden pot) and sometimes
narrated it as muqayyar. The Holy Prophet also said: Keep it
in your mind and inform those who have been left behind.
Bk 1, Number 0024:
There is another hadith narrated on the authority of Ibn Abbas
(the contents of which are similar to the one) narrated by
Shu'ba in which the Holy Prophet (may peace be upon him) said:
I forbid you to prepare nabidh in a gourd, hollowed block of
wood, a varnished jar or receptacle. Ibn Mu'adh made this
addition on the authority of his father that the Messenger of
Allah said to Ashajj, of the tribe of 'Abdul−Qais: You possess
two qualities which are liked by Allah: insight and
deliberateness.
Bk 1, Number 0025:
It is reported on the authority of Qatada that one among the
delegates of the 'Abdul−Qais tribe narrated this tradition to
him. Sa'id said that Qatada had mentioned the name of Abu
Nadra on the authority of Abu Sa'id Khudri who narrated this
tradition: That people from the− tribe of 'Abdul−Qais came to
the Messenger of Allah (may peace be upon him) and said:
Messenger of Allah, we belong to the tribe of Rabi'a and there
live between you and us the unbelievers of the Mudar tribe and
we find it impossible to come to you except in the sacred
months; direct us to a deed which we must communicate to those
who have been left behind us and by doing which we may enter
heaven. Upon this the Messenger of Allah (may peace be upon
him) said: I enjoin upon you four (things) and forbid you to
do four (things): worship Allah and associate none with Him,
establish prayer, pay Zakat, and observe the fast of Ramadan,
and pay the fifth part out of the booty. And I prohibit you
from four (things): dry gourds, green−coloured jars, hollowed
stumps of palm−trees, and receptacles. They (the members of
the delegation) said: Do you know what al−naqir is? He
replied: Yes, it is a stump which you hollow out and in which
you throw small dates. Sa'id said: He (the Holy Prophet) used
the word tamar (dates). (The Holy Prophet then added): Then
you sprinkle water over it and when its ebullition subsides,
you drink it (and you are so intoxicated) that one amongst
you, or one amongst them (the other members of your tribe, who
were not present there) strikes his cousin with the sword. He
(the narrator) said: There was a man amongst us who had
sustained injury on this very account due to (intoxication),
and he told that he tried to conceal it out of shame from the
Messenger of Allah (may peace be upon him). I, however,
inquired from the Messenger of Allah (it we discard those
utensils which you have forbidden us to use), then what type
of vessels should be used for drink? He (the Holy Prophet)
replied: In the waterskin the mouths of which are tied (with a
string). They (again) said: Prophet of Allah, our land abounds
in rats and water−skins cannot remain preserved. The holy
Prophet of Allah (may peace be upon him) said: (Drink in
water−skins) even if these arenibbled by rats. And then
(addressing) al−Ashajj of 'Abdul−Qais he said: Verily, you
possess two such qualities which Allah loves: insight and
deliberateness.
Bk 1, Number 0026:
It is narrated on the authority of Abu Said al−Khudri that
when the delegation of the tribe of Abdul−Qais came to the
Prophet of Allah (may peace be upon him), (its members) said:
Apostle of Allah, may God enable us to lay down our lives for
you, which beverage is good for us? He (the Prophet) said:
(Not to speak of beverages, I would lay stress) that you
should not drink in the wine jars. They said: Apostle of
Allah, may God enable us to lay down our lives for you, do you
know what al−naqir is? He (the Holy Prophet) replied: Yes, it
is a stump which you hollow out in the middle, and added: Do
not use gourd or receptacle (for drink). Use water−skin the
mouth of which is tied with a thong (for this purpose).
Chapter 8: CALLING PEOPLE TO TESTIFICATIONS AND THE CANONS OF
ISLAM
Bk 1, Number 0027:
It is reported on the authority of Ibn 'Abbas that Mu'adh
said: The Messenger of Allah sent me (as a governor of Yemen)
and (at the time of departure) instructed me thus: You will
soon find yourself in a community one among the people of the
Book, so first call them to testify that there is no god but
Allah, that I (Muhammad) am the messenger of Allah, and if
they accept this, then tell them Allah has enjoined upon them
five prayers during the day and the night and if they accept
it, then tell them that Allah has made Zakat obligatory for
them that it should be collected from the rich and distributed
among the poor, and if they agree to it don't pick up (as a
share of Zakat) the best of their wealths. Beware of the
supplication of the oppressed for there is no barrier between
him and Allah.
Bk 1, Number 0028:
It is narrated on the authority of Ibn 'Abbas that when the
Messenger of Allah (may peace be upon him) sent Mu'adh towards
Yemen (as governor) he said to him: Verily you would reach a
community of the people of the Book, the very first thing to
which you should call them is the worship of Allah, may His
Glory be Magnificent, and when they become fully aware of
Allah, instruct them that He has enjoined five prayers on them
during the day and the night, and when the begin observing it,
then instruct them that verily Allah has made Zakat obligatory
for them which would be collected from the wealthy amongst
them and distributed to their needy ones, and when they submit
to it, then collect it from them and avoid (the temptation) of
selecting the best (items) of their riches.
Chapter 9: COMMAND FOR FIGHTING AGAINST THE PEOPLE SO LONG AS
THEY DO NOT PROFESS THAT THERE IS NO GOD BUT ALLAH AND
MUHAMMAD IS HIS MESSENGER
Bk 1, Number 0029:
It is narrated on the authority of Abu Huraira that when the
Messenger of Allah (may peace be upon him) breathed his last
and Abu Bakr was appointed as his successor (Caliph), those
amongst the Arabs who wanted to become apostates became
apostates. 'Umar b. Khattab said to Abu Bakr: Why would you
fight against the people, when the Messenger of Allah
declared: I have been directed to fight against people so long
as they do not say: There is no god but Allah, and he who
professed it was granted full protection of his property and
life on my behalf except for a right? His (other) affairs rest
with Allah. Upon this Abu Bakr said: By Allah, I would
definitely fight against him who severed prayer from Zakat,
for it is the obligation upon the rich. By Allah, I would
fight against them even to secure the cord (used for hobbling
the feet of a camel) which they used to give to the Messenger
of Allah (as zakat) but now they have withheld it. Umar b.
Khattab remarked: By Allah, I found nothing but the fact that
Allah had opened the heart of Abu Bakr for (perceiving the
justification of) fighting (against those who refused to pay
Zakat) and I fully recognized that the (stand of Abu Bakr) was
right.
Bk 1, Number 0030:
It is reported on the authority of Abu Huraira that the
Messenger of Allah said: I have been commanded to fight
against people so long as they do not declare that there is no
god but Allah, and he who professed it was guaranteed the
protection of his property and life on my behalf except for
the right affairs rest with Allah.
Bk 1, Number 0031:
It is reported on the authority of Abu Huraira that he heard
the Messenger of Allah say: I have been commanded to fight
against people, till they testify to the fact that there is no
god but Allah, and believe in me (that) I am the messenger
(from the Lord) and in all that I have brought. And when they
do it, their blood and riches are guaranteed protection on my
behalf except where it is justified by law, and their affairs
rest with Allah.
Bk 1, Number 0032:
It is narrated on the authority of Jabir that the Messenger of
Allah said: I have been commanded that I should fight against
people till they declare that there is no god but Allah, and
when they profess it that there is no god but Allah, their
blood and riches are guaranteed protection on my behalf except
where it is justified by law, and their affairs rest with
Allah, and then he (the Holy Prophet) recited (this verse of
the Holy Qur'an):" Thou art not over them a warden" (lxxxviii,
22).
Bk 1, Number 0033:
It has been narrated on the authority of Abdullah b. 'Umar
that the Messenger of Allah said: I have been commanded to
fight against people till they testify that there is no god
but Allah, that Muhammad is the messenger of Allah, and they
establish prayer, and pay Zakat and if they do it, their blood
and property are guaranteed protection on my behalf except
when justified by law, and their affairs rest with Allah.
Bk 1, Number 0034:
It Is narrated on the authority of Abu Malik: I heard the
Messenger of Allah (may peace be upon him) say: He who
professed that there is no god but Allah and made a denial of
everything which the people worship beside Allah, his property
and blood became inviolable, an their affairs rest with Allah.
Bk 1, Number 0035:
Abu Malik narrated on the authority of his father that he
heard the Apostle (may peace be upon him) say: He who held
belief in the unity of Allah, and then narrated what has been
stated above.
Chapter 10: HE WHO ACCEPTS ISLAM AT THE DEATH−BED, BEFORE THE
ACTUAL AGONY OF DEATH, IS A MUSLIM IT IS FORBIDDEN TO
SUPPLICATE BLESSINGS FOR THE POLYTHEISTS. HE WHO DIES AS A
POLYTHEIST IS ONE AMONG THE DENIZENS OF HELL AND NO MEANS
WOULD BE EFFECTIVE ENOUGH TO GET HIM OUT OF THAT
Bk 1, Number 0036:
It is reported by Sa'id b. Musayyib who narrated it on the
authority of his father (Musayyib b. Hazm) that when Abu Talib
was about to die, the Messenger of Allah (may peace be upon
him) came to him and found with him Abu Jahl ('Amr b. Hisham)
and 'Abdullah b. Abi Umayya ibn al−Mughirah. The Messenger of
Allah (may peace be upon him) said: My uncle, you just make a
profession that there is no god but Allah, and I will bear
testimony before Allah (of your being a believer), Abu Jahl
and 'Abdullah b. Abi Umayya addressing him said: Abu Talib,
would you abandon the religion of 'Abdul−Muttalib? The
Messenger of Allah (may peace be upon him) constantly
requested him (to accept his offer), and (on the other hand)
was repeated the same statement (of Abu Jahl and 'Abdullah b.
Abi Umayya) till Abu Talib gave his final decision and be
stuck to the religion of 'Abdul−Muttalib and refused to
profess that there is no god but Allah. Upon this the
Messenger of Allah remarked: By Allah, I will persistently beg
pardon for you till I am forbidden to do so (by God), It was
then that Allah, the Magnificent and the Glorious, revealed
this verse: " It is not meet for the Prophet and for those who
believe that they should beg pardon for the polytheists, even
though they were their kith and kin, after it had been made
known to them that they were the denizens of Hell" (ix. 113)
And it was said to the Messenger of Allah (may peace be upon
him): " Verily thou canst not guide to the right path whom
thou lovest. And it is Allah Who guideth whom He will, and He
knoweth best who are the guided" (xxviii, 56).
Bk 1, Number 0037:
It is narrated on the authority of Abu Huraira that the
Messenger of Allah said to his uncle at the time of his death:
Make a profession of it that there is no god but Allah and I
will bear testimony (of your being a Muslim) on the Day of
judgment. But he (Abu Talib) refused to do so. Then Allah
revealed this verse: " Verily thou canst not guide to the
right path whom thou lovest. And it is Allah Who guideth whom
He will and He knoweth best who are the guided" (xxviii. 56).
Bk 1, Number 0038:
It is narrated on the authority of Abu Huraira that the
Messenger of Allah said to his uncle (at the time of his
death): Make a profession of it that there is no god but Allah
and I will bear testimony (of your being a Muslim) on the Day
of judgment. He (Abu Talib) said: Were it not the fear of the
Quraysh blaming me (and) saying that it was the fear of
(approaching death) that induced me to do so, I would have
certainly delighted your eyes. It was then that Allah
revealed: " Verily thou canst not guide to the right path whom
thou lovest. And it is Allah Who guideth whom He will and He
knoweth best who are the guided" (xxviii−56).
Chapter 11: HE WHO MEETS HIS LORD WITH IMPLICIT FAITH WOULD
ENTER HEAVEN AND FIRE WOULD BE FORBIDDEN HARM HIM
Bk 1, Number 0039:
It is narrated on the authority of 'Uthman that the Messenger
of Allah (may peace be upon him) said. He who died knowing
(fully well) that there is no god but Allah entered Paradise.
Bk 1, Number 0040:
It is narrated on the authority of Humran that he heard Uthman
saying this: I heard the Messenger of Allah (may peace be upon
him) uttering these words (as stated above).
Bk 1, Number 0041:
It is narrated on the authority of Abu Huraira: We were
accompanying the Apostle (may peace be upon him) in a march
(towards Tabuk). He (the narrator) said: The provisions with
the people were almost depleted. He (the narrator) said: (And
the situation became so critical) that they (the men of the
army) decided to slaughter some of their camels. He (the
narrator) said: Upon this Umar said: Messenger of Allah, I
wish that you should pool together what has been left out of
the provisions with the people and then invoke (the blessings
of) Allah upon it. He (the narrator) said: He (the Holy
Prophet) did it accordingly. He (the narrator) said: The one
who had wheat in his possession came there with wheat. He who
had dates with him came there with dates. And Mujahid said: He
who possessed stones of dates came there with stones. I (the
narrator) said: What did they do with the date−stones. They
said: They (the people) sucked them and then drank water over
them. He (the narrator said): He (the Holy Prophet) invoked
the blessings (of Allah) upon them (provisions). He (the
narrator) said: (And there was such a miraculous increase in
the stocks) that the people replenished their provisions
fully. He (the narrator) said: At that time he (the Holy
Prophet) said: I bear testimony to the fact that there is no
god but Allah, and I am His messenger. The bondsman who would
meet Allah without entertaining any doubt about these (two
fundamentals) would enter heaven.
Bk 1, Number 0042:
It is narrated either on the authority of Abu Huraira or that
of Abu Sa'id Khudri. The narrator A'mash has narrated this
hadith with a little bit of doubt (about the name of the very
first narrator who was in direct contact with the Holy
Prophet. He was either Abu Huraira or Abu Sa'id Khudri. Both
are equally reliable transmitters of the traditions). He (the
narrator) said: During the time of Tabuk expedition, the
(provisions) ran short and the men (of the army) suffered
starvation; they said: Messenger of Allah, would you permit us
to slay our camels? We would eat them and use their fat. The
Messenger of Allah (may peace be upon him) said: Do as you
please. He (the narrator) said: Then 'Umar came there and
said: Messenger of Allah, if you do that (if you give your
consent and the men begin to slay their camels), the riding
animals would become short. But (I would suggest you to)
summon them along with the provisions left with them Then
invoke Allah's blessings on them (different items of the
provisions) It is hoped Allah shall bless them. The Messenger
of Allah replied in the affirmative. (the narrator) said: He
called for a leather mat to be used as a table cloth and
spread it out. Then he called people along with the remaining
portions of their provisions. He (the narrator) said: Someone
was coming with handful of mote, another was coming with a
handful of dates, still another was coming with a portion of
bread, till small quantities of these things were collected on
the table cloth. He (the narrator said): Then the messenger of
Allah invoked blessing (on them) and said: Fill your utensils
with these provisions. He (the narrator) said: They filled
their vessel to the brim with them, and no one amongst the
army (which comprised of 30,000 persons) was left even with a
single empty vessel. He (the narrator) aid: They ate to their
fill, and there was still a surplus. Upon this the Messenger
of Allah (may peace be upon him) remarked: I bear testimony
that there is no god but Allah and I am the messenger of
Allah. The man who meets his Lord without harboring any doubt
about these two (truths) would never be kept away from
Paradise.
Bk 1, Number 0043:
It is narrated on the authority of Ubadah b. Samit that the
messenger of Allah (may peace be upon him) observed: He who
said:" There is no god but Allah, He is One and there is no
associate with Him, that Muhammad is his servant and His
messenger, that Christ is servant and the son of His
slave−girl and he (Christ) His word which He communicated to
Mary and is His Spirit, that Paradise is a fact and Hell is a
fact," Allah would make him (he who affirms these truths enter
Paradise through any one of its eight doors which he would
like.
Bk 1, Number 0044:
It is narrated on the authority of Umar b. Hani with the same
chain of transmitters with the exception of these words: Allah
would make him (he who affirms these truths) enter Paradise
through one of the eight doors which he would like.
Bk 1, Number 0045:
It is narrated on the authority of Sunabihi that he went to
Ubada b. Samit when he was about to die. I burst into tears.
Upon this he said to me: Allow me some time (so that I may
talk with you). Why do you weep? By Allah, if I am asked to
bear witness, I would certainly testify for you (that you are
a believer). Should I be asked to intercede, I would certainly
intercede for you, and if I have the power, I would certainly
do good to you, and then observed: By Allah, never did I hear
anything from the Messenger of Allah (may peace be upon him)
which could have been a source of benefit to you and then not
conveyed it to you except this single hadith. That I intend to
narrate to you today, since I am going to breathe my last. I
heard the Messenger of Allah (may peace be upon him) say: He
who testifies that there is no god but Allah and that Muhammad
is the messenger of Allah, Allah would prohibit the fire of
Hell for him.
Bk 1, Number 0046:
It is narrated on the authority of Mu'adh b. Jabal: I was
riding behind the Prophet (may peace be upon him) and there
was nothing between him and me but the rear part of the
saddle, when he said: Mu'adh b. Jabal: To which I replied: At
your beck and call, and at your pleasure, Messenger of Allah!
He moved along for a few minutes, when again he said: Mu'adh
b. Jabal: To which I replied: At your beck and call, and at
your pleasure, Messenger of Allah! He then again moved along
for a few minutes and said: Mu'adh b. Jabal: To which I
replied. At your beck and call, and at your pleasure.
Messenger of Allah He, (the Holy Prophet) said: Do you know
what right has Allah upon His servants? I said: Allah and His
Messenger know best. He (the Holy Prophet) said: Verily the
right of Allah over His servants is that they should worship
Him, not associating anything with Him. He (the Holy Prophet)
with Mu'adh behind him, moved along for a few minutes and
said: Mu'adh b. Jabal: To which I replied: At your beck and
call, and at your pleasure, Messenger of Allah! He (the Holy
Prophet) said: Do you know what rights have servants upon
Allah in case they do it (i. e. they worship Allah without
associating anything with Him)? I (Mu'adh b. Jabal) replied:
Allah and His Messenger know best. (Upon this) he (the Holy
Prophet) remarked: That He would not torment them (with the
fire of Hell).
Bk 1, Number 0047:
It is narrated on the authority of Mu'adh b. Jabal that he
observed: I was riding behind the Messenger of Allah (may
peace be upon him) on an ass known as 'Ufair. He (Mu'adh)
observed: He (the Holy Prophet) said: Mu'adh, do you know what
right has Allah over His bondsmen and what right have His
bondsmen over Him? Mu'adh added: I replied: Allah and his
Messenger know best. Upon this he (the Holy Prophet remarked:
The right of Allah over His bondsmen is that they should
worship Allah and should not associate anything with Him, and
the right of His bondsmen over Allah, Glorious and Sublime, is
that He does not punish him who associates not anything with
Him. He (Mu'adh) added: I said to the Messenger of Allah:
Should I then give the tidings to the people? He (the Holy
Prophet) said: Do not tell them this good news, for they would
trust in it alone.
Bk 1, Number 0048:
It is narrated on the authority of Mu'adh b. Jabal that the
Messenger of Allah (may peace be upon him) said: Mu'adh, do
you know the right of Allah over His bondsmen? He (Mu'adh)
said: Allah and His Apostle know best. He (the Messenger of
Allah) said: That Allah alone should be worshipped and nothing
should be associated with Him. He (the Holy Prophet) said:
What right have they (bondsmen) upon Him in case they do it?
He (Mu'adh) said: Allah and His Apostle know best. He (the
Holy Prophet) said: That He would not punish them.
Bk 1, Number 0049:
It is narrated on the authority of Aswad b. Hilal that he
heard Mu'adh say this: The Messenger of Allah (may peace be
upon him) called, me and I replied to him. He (the Holy
Prophet) said: Do you know the right of Allah upon the people?
and then followed the hadith (mentioned above).
Bk 1, Number 0050:
It is reported on the authority of Abu Huraira: We were
sitting around the Messenger of Allah (may peace and blessings
be upon him). Abu Bakr and Umar were also there among the
audience. In the meanwhile the Messenger of Allah got up and
left us, He delayed in coming back to us, which caused anxiety
that he might be attacked by some enemy when we were not with
him; so being alarmed we got up. I was the first to be
alarmed. I, therefore, went out to look for the Messenger of
Allah (may peace and blessings be upon him) and came to a
garden belonging to the Banu an−Najjar, a section of the Ansar
went round it looking for a gate but failed to find one.
Seeing a rabi' (i. e. streamlet) flowing into the garden from
a well outside, drew myself together, like a fox, and slinked
into (the place) where God's Messenger was. He (the Holy
Prophet) said: Is it Abu Huraira? I (Abu Huraira) replied:
Yes, Messenger of Allah. He (the Holy Prophet) said: What is
the matter with you? replied: You were amongst us but got up
and went away and delayed for a time, so fearing that you
might be attacked by some enemy when we were not with you, we
became alarmed. I was the first to be alarmed. So when I came
to this garden, I drew myself together as a fox does, and
these people are following me. He addressed me as Abu Huraira
and gave me his sandals and said: Take away these sandals of
mine, and when you meet anyone outside this garden who
testifies that there is no god but Allah, being assured of it
in his heart, gladden him by announcing that he shall go to
Paradise. Now the first one I met was Umar. He asked: What are
these sandals, Abu Huraira? I replied: These are the sandals
of the Messenger of Allah with which he has sent me to gladden
anyone I meet who testifies that there is no god but Allah,
being assured of it in his heart, with the announcement that
he would go to Paradise. Thereupon 'Umar struck me on the
breast and I fell on my back. He then said: Go back, Abu
Huraira, So I returned to the Messenger of Allah (may peace be
upon him), and was about to break into tears. 'Umar followed
me closely and there he was behind me. The Messenger of Allah
(may peace and blessings be on him) said: What is the matter
with you, Abu Huraira? I said: I happened to meet 'Umar and
conveyed to him the message with which you sent me. He struck
me on my breast which made me fall down upon my back and
ordered me to go back. Upon this the Messenger of Allah (may
peace be upon him) said: What prompted you to do this, 'Umar?
He said: Messenger of Allah, my mother and father be
sacrificed to thee, did you send Abu Huraira with your sandals
to gladden anyone he met and who testified that there is no
god but Allah, and being assured of it in his heart, with the
tidings that he would go to Paradise? He said: Yes. Umar said:
Please do it not, for I am afraid that people will trust in it
alone; let them go on doing (good) deeds. The Messenger of
Allah (may peace be upon him) said: Well, let them.
Bk 1, Number 0051:
It is reported on the authority of Anas b. Malik that the
Prophet of Allah (may peace and blessings be upon him)
addressed Mu'adh b. Jabal as he was riding behind him to which
he replied: At thy beck and call, and at thy pleasure,
Messenger of Allah. He again called out: Mu'adh, to which he
(again) replied: At thy beck and call, and at thy pleasure. He
(the Holy Prophet) addressed him (again): Mu'adh, to which he
replied: At thy beck and call, and at thy pleasure, Messenger
of Allah. Upon this he (the Holy Prophet) observed: If anyone
testifies (sincerely from his heart) that there is no god but
Allah, and that Muhammad is His bondsman and His messenger,
Allah immuned him from Hell. He (Mu'adh) said: Messenger of
Allah, should I not then inform people of it, so that they may
be of good cheer? He replied: Then they would trust in it
alone. Mu'adh told about it at the time of his death, to avoid
sinning.
Bk 1, Number 0052:
It is narrated on the authority of 'Itban b. Malik that he
came to Medina and said: Something had gone wrong with my
eyesight. I, therefore, sent (a message to the Holy Prophet):
Verily it is my ardent desire that you should kindly grace my
house with your presence and observe prayer there so, that I
should make that corner a place of worship. He said: The
Prophet (may peace be upon him) came there, and those amongst
the Companions whom Allah willed also accompanied him. He
entered (my place) and offered prayer at my residence and his
Companions began to talk amongst themselves (and this
conversation centered round hypocrites), and then the
conspicuous one, Malik b. Dukhshum was made the target and
they wished that he (the Holy Prophet) should curse him and he
should die or he should meet some calamity. In the meanwhile
the Messenger of Allah (may peace and blessings be upon him)
completed his prayer and said: Does Malik b. Dukhshum not
testify the fact that there is no god but Allah and verily I
am the messenger of Allah. They replied: He makes a profession
of it (no doubt) but does not do it out of (sincere) heart. He
(the Holy Prophet) said: He who testifies that there is no god
but Allah and I am the messenger of Allah would not enter Hell
or its (flames) would not consume him. Anas said: This hadith
impressed me very much and I told my son to write it down.
Bk 1, Number 0053:
It is narrated on the authority of Anas that 'Itban b. Malik
told him that he became blind. He sent a message to the
Messenger of Allah (may peace be upon him) that he should come
and mark a place of worship for him. Thereupon came the
Messenger of Allah (may peace be upon him) and his people and
then there was a discussion among them about a man who was
known as Malik b. Dukhshum, and subsequently the narrator
described the hadith of Sulaiman b. Mughira as stated above.
Chapter 12: HE RELISHED THE FLAVOR OF IMAN WHO WAS PLEASED
WITH ALLAH AS HIS LORD
Bk 1, Number 0054:
It is narrated on the authority of 'Abbas b. 'Abdul−Muttalib
that he heard the Messenger of Allah saying: He relished the
flavor of faith (Iman) who became the book of faith pleased
with Allah as Lord, with al−Islam as the code of life and with
Muhammad as the Messenger (of Allah).
Chapter 13: CONCERNING THE BRANCHES OF IMAN
Bk 1, Number 0055:
It is narrated on the authority of Abu Huraira that the
Prophet (may peace be upon him) said: Iman has over seventy
branches, and modesty is a branch of Iman.
Bk 1, Number 0056:
It is narrated on the authority of Abu Huraira that the
Messenger of Allah (may peace and blessings be upon him) said:
Faith has over seventy branches or over sixty branches, the
most excellent of which is the declaration that there is no
god but Allah, and the humblest of which is the, removal of
what is injurious from the path: and modesty is the branch of
faith.
Bk 1, Number 0057:
Salim reported on the authority of his father that the Prophet
(may peace and blessings be upon him) heard a man instruction
his brother about modesty. Upon this the Prophet remarked:
Modesty is an ingredient of Iman (faith).
Bk 1, Number 0058:
Zuhri has narrated this hadith with the addition of these
words: He (the Holy Prophet) happened to pass by a mass of
Ansar who was instructing his brother (about modesty).
Bk 1, Number 0059:
It is narrated on the authority of 'Imran b. Husain that the
Prophet (may peace and blessings be upon him) said: Modesty
brings forth nothing but goodness. Bushair b. Ka'b said: It is
recorded in the books of wisdom, there lies sobriety in it and
calmness of mind in it, Imran said: I am narrating to you the
tradition of the Messenger of Allah (may peace and blessings
be upon him) and you talk of your books.
Bk 1, Number 0060:
It is narrated on the authority of Qatada. We were sitting
with 'Imran b. Husain in a company and Bushair ibn Ka'b was
also amongst us. 'Imran narrated to us that on a certain
occasion the Messenger of Allah (may peace and blessings be
upon him) said: Modesty is a virtue through and through, or
said: Modesty is a goodness complete. Upon this Bushair ibn
Ka'b said: Verily we find in certain books or books of
(wisdom) that it is God−inspired peace of mind or sobriety for
the sake of Allah and there is also a weakness in it. Imran
was so much enraged that his eyes became red and he said: I am
narrating to you the hadith of the Messenger of Allah (may
peace be upon him) and you are contradicting it. He (the
narrator) said: Imran reported the hadith, He (the narrator)
said: Bushair repeated, (the same thing). Imran was enraged.
He (the narrator) said: We asserted: Verily Bushair is one
amongst us. Abu Nujaid! There is nothing wrong, with him
(Bushair).
Bk 1, Number 0061:
Ishaq b. Ibrahim narrates this hadith of the Holy Prophet on
the authority of Imran b. Husain, like the one narrated by
Hammad b. Zaid.
Chapter 14: CONCERNING THE COMPREHENSIVE ATTRIBUTES OF ISLAM
Bk 1, Number 0062:
It is narrated on the authority of Sufyan b. 'Abdulla
al−Thaqafi that he said: I asked the Messenger of Allah to
tell me about Islam a thing which might dispense with the
necessity of my asking anybody after you. In the hadith of Abu
Usama the (words) are: other than you. He (the Holy Prophet)
remarked: Say I affirm my faith in Allah and then remain
steadfast to it.
Chapter 15: CONCERNING THE EMINENCE OF ISLAM AND OF THE
AFFAIRS WHICH ARE EXCELLENT
Bk 1, Number 0063:
It is narrated on the authority of 'Abdullah b. 'Amr that a
man asked the Messenger of Allah (may peace and blessings be
upon him) which of the merits (is superior) in Islam. He (the
Holy Prophet) remarked: That you provide food and extend
greetings to one whom you know or do not know.
Bk 1, Number 0064:
'Abdullah b. Amr b. al−As is reported to have said: Verily a
person asked the Messenger of Allah (may peace and blessings
be upon him) who amongst the Muslims was better. Upon this
(the Holy Prophet) remarked: From whose hand and tongue the
Muslims are safe.
Bk 1, Number 0065:
It is narrated on the authority of Jabir that he heard the
(Holy Prophet) say: A Muslim is he from whose hand and tongue
the Muslim's are safe.
Bk 1, Number 0066:
It is narrated on the authority of Abu Musa Ash'ari: I asked
the Messenger of Allah which (attribute) of Islam is more
excellent. Upon this he remarked: One in which the Muslims are
safe, protected from the tongue and hand of (other Muslims).
Ibrahim b. Sa'id al−Jauhari has narrated this hadith with the
same words in addition to these. The Messenger of Allah (may
peace and blessings be upon him) was asked as to who amongst
the Muslims is better, and the rest of the hadith was narrated
like this.
Chapter 16: CONCERNING THE ATTRIBUTES BY WHICH ONE GETS THE
RELISH OF IMAN
Bk 1, Number 0067:
It is reported on the authority of Anas that the Prophet of
Allah (may peace and blessings be upon him ) said: There are
three qualities for which anyone who is characterised by them
will relish the sweetness of faith: he to whom Allah and His
Messenger are dearer than all else; he who loves a man for
Allah's sake alone; and he who has as great an abhorrence of
returning to unbelief after Allah has rescued him from it as
he has of being cast into Hell.
Bk 1, Number 0068:
It is reported on the authority of Anas that the Messenger of
Allah (may peace be upon him) said: There are three qualities
for which any one who is characterised by them will relish the
savour of faith: that he loves man and he does not love him
but for Allah's sake alone; he is to whom Allah and His
Messenger are dearer than all else; he who prefers to be
thrown into fire than to return to unbelief after Allah has
rescued him out of it.
Bk 1, Number 0069:
A similar hadith has been reported on the authority of Anas
(with another chain of transmitters) with the exception of
these words: that he again becomes a Jew or a Christian.
Chapter 17: IT IS OBLIGATORY TO LOVE THE PROPHET MORE THAN THE
MEMBERS OF ONE'S HOUSEHOLD: ONE'S CHILD, FATHER OR EVEN THE
WHOLE OF HUMANITY
Bk 1, Number 0070:
It is reported on the authority of Anas that the Messenger of
Allah (may peace be upon him) said: No bondsman believes, and,
in the hadith narrated by Abdul Warith, no person believes,
till I am dearer to him than the members of his household, his
wealth and the whole of mankind.
Bk 1, Number 0071:
It is reported on the authority of Anas b. Malik that the
Messenger of Allah said: None of you is a believer till I am
dearer to him than his child, his father and the whole of
mankind.
Chapter 18: CONCERNING THE FACT THAT IT IS ONE OF THE
CHARACTERISTICS OF IMAN THAT ONE SHOULD LIKE THE SAME THING
FOR ONE'S BROTHER−IN−ISLAM AS ONE LIKES FOR ONE'S SELF
Bk 1, Number 0072:
It is arrested on the authority of Anas b. Malik that the
Prophet (may peace and blessings be upon him) observed: one
amongst you believes (truly) till one likes for his brother or
for his neighbour that which he loves for himself.
Bk 1, Number 0073:
It is narrated on the authority of Anas that the Prophet (may
peace blessings be upon him) observed: By Him in whose Hand is
my life, no, bondsman (truly) believes till he likes for his
neighbour, or he (the Holy Prophet) said: for his brother,
whatever he likes for himself.
Chapter 19: CONCERNING THE PROHIBITION TO HARM NEIGHBOUR
Bk 1, Number 0074:
It is narrated on the authority of Abu Huraira that the
Messenger of Allah (may peace and blessing be upon him)
observed: He will not enter Paradise whose neighbour is not
secure from his wrongful conduct.
Chapter 20: CONCERNING EXHORTATION TO ACCORD HONOUR AND
RESPECT TO THE NEIGHBOUR AND TO THE GUEST AND OBLIGATION TO
OBSERVE SILENCE EXCEPT IN GOODNESS, AND ALL THESE QUALITIES
COME WITHIN THE ORBIT OF IMAN
Bk 1, Number 0075:
It is reported on the authority of Abu Huraira that the
Messenger of Allah (may peace be upon him) observed: He who
believes in Allah and the Last Day should either utter good
words or better keep silence; and he who believes in Allah and
the Last Day should treat his neighbour with kindness and he
who believes in Allah and the Last Day should show hospitality
to his guest.
Bk 1, Number 0076:
It is reported on the authority of Abu Huraira that the
Messenger of Allah (may peace and blessings be upon him)
observed: He who believes in Allah and the Last Day does not
harm is neighbour, and he who believes in Allah and the Last
Day shows hospitality to his guest and he who believes in
Allah and the Last Day speaks good or remains silent.
Bk 1, Number 0077:
Another hadith similar to one narrated (above) by Abu Husain
is also reported by Abu Huraira with the exception of these
words: He (the Prophet) said: He should do good to the
neighbour.
Bk 1, Number 0078:
It is narrated on the authority of Abu Shuraih al−Khuzai' that
the Prophet (may peace and blessings of Allah be upon him)
observed: He who believes in Allah and the Last Day should do
good to his neighbour and he who believes in Allah and the
Last Day should show hospitality to the guest and he who
believes in Allah and the Last Day should either speak good or
better remain silent.
Chapter 21: CONCERNING THE FACTS THAT INTERDICTION AGAINST
ABOMINABLE IS A PART OF FAITH, THAT FAITH INCREASES AND
DIMINISHES; ENJOINING THAT WHICH IS GOOD AND FORBIDDING THAT
WHICH IS ABOMINABLE ARE OBLIGATORY (ACTS)
Bk 1, Number 0079:
It is narrated on the authority of Tariq b. Shihab: It was
Marwan who initiated (the practice) of delivering khutbah
(address) before the prayer on the 'Id day. A man stood up and
said: Prayer should precede khutbah. He (Marwan) remarked,
This (practice) has been done away with. Upon this Abu Sa'id
remarked: This man has performed (his duty) laid on him. I
heard the Messenger of Allah as saying: He who amongst you
sees something abominable should modify it with the help of
his hand; and if he has not strength enough to do it, then he
should do it with his tongue, and if he has not strength
enough to do it, (even) then he should (abhor it) from his
heart, and that is the least of faith.
Bk 1, Number 0080:
The same hadith of the Holy Prophet (may peace and blessings
be upon him) has been reported by Abu Sa'id al−Khudri in
connection with the story of Marwan.
Bk 1, Number 0081:
It is narrated on the authority 'Abdullah b. Mas'ud that the
Messenger of Allah (may peace and blessings be upon him)
observed: Never a Prophet had been sent before me by Allah
towards his nation who had not among his people (his)
disciples and companions who followed his ways and obeyed his
command. Then there came after them their successors who said
whatever they did not practise, and practised whatever they
were not commanded to do. He who strove against them with his
hand was a believer: he who strove against them with his
tongue was a believer, and he who strove against them with his
heart was a believer and beyond that there is no faith even to
the extent of a mustard seed. Abu Rafi' said: I narrated this
hadith to 'Abdullah b. 'Umar; he contradicted me. There
happened to come 'Abdullah b. Mas'ud who stayed at Qanat, and
'Abdullah b 'Umar wanted me to accompany him for visiting him
(as 'Abdullah b. Mas'ud was ailing), so I went along with him
and as we sat (before him) I asked Ibn Mas'ud about this
hadith. He narrated it in the same way as I narrated it to Ibn
'Umar.
Bk 1, Number 0082:
The same hadith has been transmitted by another chain of
narrators on the authority of 'Abdullah b. Mas'ud who
observed: Never was there one among the prophets who had had
not disciples who followed his direction and followed his
ways. The remaining part of the hadith is like that as
narrated by Salih but the arrival of Ibn Mas'ud and the
meeting of Ibn 'Umar with him is not mentioned.
Chapter 22: PRECEDENCE OF THE BELIEVERS OVER ONE ANOTHER AND
THE SUPERIORITY OF THE PEOPLE OF YEMEN IN THIS RESPECT
Bk 1, Number 0083:
It is narrated on the authority of Ibn Mas'ud that the Apostle
of Allah (may peace and blessings be upon him) pointed towards
Yemen with his hand and said: Verily Iman is towards this
side, and harshness and callousness of the hearts is found
amongst the rude owners of the camels who drive them behind
their tails (to the direction) where emerge the two horns of
Satan, they are the tribes of Rabi'a and Mudar.
Bk 1, Number 0084:
It is narrated on the authority of Abu Huraira that the
Messenger of Allah observed: There have come the people of
Yemen; they are tender of hearts, the belief is that of the
Yemenites, the understanding (of the faith) is that of the
Yemenites and sagacity is that of the Yemenites.
Bk 1, Number 0085:
Abu Huraira reported the same hadith which is transmitted to
us by another chain of transmitters, e. g. Muhammad b.
al−Muthanna, Ishaq b. Yusuf Azraq, Ibn 'Aun, etc.
Bk 1, Number 0086:
Abu Huraira reported: The Messenger of Allah (may peace and
blessings be upon him) observed: There came to you the people
from Yemen; they are tender of hearts and mild of feelings,
the understanding is Yemenite, the sagacity is Yemenite.
Bk 1, Number 0087:
It is narrated on the authority of Abu Huraira that the
Messenger of Allah (may peace and blessings be upon him)
remarked: The summit of unbelief is towards the East and the
pride and conceitedness is found among the owners of horses
and camels who are rude and uncivil, people of the tents, and
tranquillity is found among those who rear goats and sheep.
Bk 1, Number 0088:
It is narrated on the authority of Abu Huraira that the
Messenger of Allah (may peace and blessings be upon him)
observed: The belief is among the Yemenites, and the unbelief
is towards the East, and tranquillity is among those who rear
goats and sheep, and pride and simulation is among the uncivil
and rude owners of horses and camels.
Bk 1, Number 0089:
It is reported on the authority of Abu Huraira: I heard the
Messenger of Allah saying this: Pride and conceitedness is
found among the uncivil owners of the camels and tranquillity
is found among the owners of sheep and goats.
Bk 1, Number 0090:
The same hadith has been narrated by Zuhri with the same chain
of authorities with the addition: The belief is among the
Yemenites, the sagacity is that of the Yemenites.
Bk 1, Number 0091:
Abu Huraira said: I heard the Prophet (may peace and blessings
be upon him) saying: There came the people of Yemen, they are
tender of feelings and meek of hearts. The belief is that of
the Yemenites, the sagacity is that of the Yemenites, the
tranquillity is among the owners of goats and sheep, and pride
and conceitedness is among the uncivil owners of the camels,
the people of the tents in the direction of sunrise.
Bk 1, Number 0092:
It is reporter on the authority of Abu Huraira that the
Messenger of Allah (may peace and blessings be upon him)
observed: There came the people of Yemen who are soft of
hearts, tender in feelings: the belief is that of the
Yemenites, the sagacity is that of the Yemenites and the
summit of unbelief is towards the East.
Bk 1, Number 0093:
Qutaiba b. Sa'id and Zubair b. Harb say: Jarir narrated this
on the authority of A'mash with the same chain of narrators
(as mentioned above).
Bk 1, Number 0094:
Shu'ba narrated the hadith as reported by Jarir with the same
chain of narrators with this addition: Pride and conceitedness
is among the owners of the camels and tranquillity and
sobriety is found amongst the owners of sheep.
Bk 1, Number 0095:
It is reported on the authority of Jabir b. Abdullah that the
Messenger of Allah (may peace and, blessings be upon him)
observed: The callousness of heart and sternness is in the
East and faith is among the people of the Hijaz.
Chapter 23: CONCERNING THE FACT THAT NO ONE WILL ENTER
PARADISE EXCEPT BELIEVERS, THAT LOVE FOR BELIEVERS IS (A
CHARACTERISTIC FEATURE OF) FAITH AND GIVING CURRENCY TO (THE
PRACTICE OF PAYING SALUTATION BY SAYING) AS−SALAMU'ALAIKUM
(PEACE BE UPON YOU) IS THE MEANS TO ACHIEVE IT (FAITH)
Bk 1, Number 0096:
Abu Huraira reported: The Messenger of Allah (may peace and
blessing be upon him) observed: You shall not enter Paradise
so long as you do not affirm belief (in all those things which
are the articles of faith) and you will not believe as long as
you do not love one another. Should I not direct you to a
thing which, if you do, will foster love amongst you: (i. e.)
give currency to (the practice of paying salutation to one
another by saying) as−salamu alaikum.
Bk 1, Number 0097:
Zuhair b. Harb said: Jarir reported on the authority of A'mash
with this chain of transmitters that the Messenger of Allah
(may peace be upon him) observed: By him in Whose hand is my
life, you shall not enter Paradise unless you believe. The
rest of the hadith is the same as narrated by Abd Mu'awiya and
Waki'.
Chapter 24: DIN IS SINCERITY AND GOOD−WILL
Bk 1, Number 0098:
It is narrated on the authority of Tamim ad−Dari that the
Apostle of Allah (may peace and blessings be upon him)
observed: Al−Din is a name of sincerity and well wishing. Upon
this we said: For whom? He replied: For Allah, His Book, His
Messenger and for the leaders and the general Muslims.
Bk 1, Number 0099:
Muhammad b. Hatim and others narrate the same hadith of the
Apostle (may peace and blessings be upon him) on the authority
of Tamim ad−Dari.
Bk 1, Number 0100:
Umayya b. Bistam narrates the same hadith of the Messenger of
Allah (may peace and blessings be upon him) on the authority
of Tamim ad−Dari.
Bk 1, Number 0101:
It is narrated on the authority of Jarir that he observed I
gave pledge of allegiance to the Messenger of Allah (may peace
and blessings be upon him) on the observance of prayer,
payment of Zakat, and sincerity and well−wishing for every
Muslim.
Bk 1, Number 0102:
Sufyan narrated on the authority of Ziyad b. 'Ilaqa that he
heard Jarir b. 'Abdullah saying: I pledged allegiance to the
Apostle of Allah may peace and blessings be upon him) on
sincerity and well−wishing for every Muslim.
Bk 1, Number 0103:
It is narrated on the authority of Jarir that he observed: I
owed allegiance to the Apostle of Allah (may peace and
blessings be upon him) on hearing ( is commands) and obeying
(them) and the Prophet) instructed me (to act) as lay in my
power, and sincerity and goodwill for every Muslim.
Chapter 25: CONCERNING DIMINUTION OF BELIEF DUE TO SINS AND
ITS SEPARATION FROM THE SINNER: NEGATION OF THE EXCELLENCE OF
IMAN AT THE TIME OF COMMITTING SIN
Bk 1, Number 0104:
Abu Huraira reported that the Messenger of Allah observed: The
fornicator who fornicates is not a believer so long as he
commits it and no thief who steals is a believer as long as he
commits theft, and no drunkard who drinks wine is a believer
as long as he drinks it. 'Abdul−Malik b. Abi Bakr' narrated
this on the authority of Abu Bakr b. Abdur−Rahman b. Harith
and then said: Abu Huraira made this addition: No plunderer
who plunders a valuable thing that attracts the attention of
people is a believer so long as he commits this act.
Bk 1, Number 0105:
'Abdul−Malik b. Shu'aib narrated this hadith on the authority
of Abu Huraira that he observed: The Messenger of Allah said
that a fornicator does not fornicate, and then narrated the
hadith like this, and he also made mention of plundering too,
but did not mention of a thin having value. Ibn Shihab said:
Sa'id b. al−Musayyib and Abu Salama narrated this hadith on
the authority of Abu Huraira a hadith like that of Abu Bakr
with the exception of (the mention) of plundering.
Bk 1, Number 0106:
Muhammad b. Mihran narrates this hadith on the authority of
Abu Huraira and made mention of plundering but did not talk of
(a thing) having value.
Bk 1, Number 0107:
Imam Muslim has reported this hadith by Hasan b. 'Ali
al−Halwani and other traditions.
Bk 1, Number 0108:
It is reported on the authority of Qutaiba b. Sa'id who
reported on the authority of Abu Huraira the hadith like that
narrated from Zuhri with this exception that in the hadith
narrated by 'Ala ' and Safwan b. Sulaim there is no mention
of: People raise there eyes towards him, and in the hadith
narrated by Hammam: The believers raise their eyes towards
him, and such like words, so long as he plunders (is not) a
believer, and these words were added: And no exploiter who
makes an exploitation is a believer as long as he exploits It;
therefore avoid and shun (these evils).
Bk 1, Number 0109:
It is narrated on the authority of Abu Huraira: A fornicator
who fornicates is not a believer as long as he commits
fornication, and no one who steals is a believer as long as he
commits theft, and no one who drinks wine is a believer as
long as he drinks it, and repentance may be accepted after
that.
Bk 1, Number 0110:
Muhammad b. Rafi', Abdur−Razzaq, Sufyan, A'mash narrated this
hadith like one narrated by Shu'ba, on the authority of Abu
Huraira tracing, it (right to the Holy Prophet).
Chapter 26: CONCERNING THE PECULIARITIES OF A HYPOCRITE
Bk 1, Number 0111:
It is narrated on the authority of Abdullah b. 'Amr that the
Prophet observed: Four characteristics made anyone who
possessed them, a sheer hypocrite; anyone who possessed one of
them possessed a characteristic of hypocrisy till be abandons
it: when he talked he lied, when he made a covenant he acted
treacherously, and when he quarreled he deviated from the
truth.
Bk 1, Number 0112:
It is reported on the authority of Abu Huraira that the
Messenger of Allah (may peace and blessings be upon him) said:
Three are the signs of a hypocrite: when he spoke he told a
lie, when he made a promise he acted treacherously against it,
when he was trusted he betrayed.
Bk 1, Number 0113:
Abu Huraira reported that the Messenger of Allah (may peace
and blessings be upon him) observed: There are three
characteristics of a hypocrite: when he spoke he told a lie,
when he made promise he acted treacherously, and when he was
trusted he betrayed.
Bk 1, Number 0114:
'Uqba b. Mukarram al−'Ami reported that he heard 'Ala' b.
'Abdur−Rahman narrating this hadith with this chain of
transmitters and he said: Three are the signs of a hypocrite,
even if he observed fast and prayed and asserted that he was a
Muslim.
Bk 1, Number 0115:
It is reported on the authority of Abu Huraira that the
Messenger of Allah (may peace and blessings of Allah be upon
him) made observations like them embodied in the hadith
narrated by Yahya b. Muhammad on the authority of 'Ala', and
added to it: even if he observed fast and prayed and asserted
that he was a Muslim.
Chapter 27: THE CONDITION OF THE FAITH OF ONE WHO CALLS HIS
BROTHER MUSLIM AN UNBELIEVER
Bk 1, Number 0116:
It is reported on the authority of Ibn 'Umar that the Apostle
(may peace and blessings be upon him) observed: When a man
calls his brother an unbeliever, it returns (at least) to one
of them.
Bk 1, Number 0117:
It is reported on the authority of Ibn 'Umar that the
Messenger of Allah (may peace and blessings be upon him) said:
Any person who called his brother: or unbeliever (has in fact
done an act by which this unbelief) would return to one of
them. If it were so, as he asserted (then the unbelief of man
was confirmed but if it was not true), then it returned to him
(to the man who labeled it on his brother Muslim).
Chapter 28: THE CONDITION OF THE FAITH OF ONE WHO KNOWINGLY
DENIES HIS TRUE PARENTAGE
Bk 1, Number 0118:
It is reported on the authority of Abu Dharr that he heard the
Messenger of Allah (may peace and blessings be upon him)
saying: No person who claimed knowingly anyone else as his
father besides (his own) committed nothing but infidelity, and
he who made a claim of anything, which (in fact) did not
belong to him, is not amongst us; he should make his abode in
Fire, and he who labeled anyone with unbelief or called him
the enemy of Allah, and he was in fact not so, it rebounded on
him.
Bk 1, Number 0119:
It is narrated on the authority of Abu Huraira that the
Messenger of Allah (may peace and blessings be upon him)
observed: Do not detest your fathers; he who detested his
father committed infidelity.
Bk 1, Number 0120:
It is reported on the authority of Sa'd b. Abi Waqqas: Both of
my ears heard the Messenger of Allah saying this: He who
claimed the fatherhood of anyone else besides his real father
knowingly (committed a great sin) ;Paradise is forbidden to
him. Abu Bakra asserted that he too heard it from the
Messenger of Allah (may peace be upon him ).
Bk 1, Number 0121:
Sa'd and Abu Bakra each one of them said: My ears heard and my
hearing preserved it that Muhammad (peace and blessings be
upon him) observed: He who claimed for another one his
fatherhood besides his own father knowingly that he was not
his father−to him Paradise is forbidden.
Chapter 29: ABUSING A MUSLIM IS AN OUTRAGE AND FIGHTING
AGAINST HIM IS UNBELIEF
Bk 1, Number 0122:
It is narrated on the authority of 'Abdullah b. Mas'ud that
the Messenger of Allah (may peace and blessings be upon him)
observed: Abusing a Muslim is an outrage and fighting against
him is unbelief. Zubaid said: I asked Abu Wa'il: Did you hear
it from Abdullah narrating if from the Messenger of Allah (may
peace and blessings be upon him)? He replied: Yes. But there
is mention of the talk between Zubaid and Abu Wa'il in the
hadith narrated by Shu'ba.
Bk 1, Number 0123:
Abu Bakr b. Abu Shaiba narrated a hadith like this from the
Apostle (may peace and blessings be upon him) on the authority
of Abdullah.
Chapter 30: DON'T BECOME UNBELIEVERS AFTER ME BY STRIKING THE
NECKS OF ONE ANOTHER
Bk 1, Number 0124:
It is narrated on the authority of Jarir b. 'Abdullah that the
Apostle of Allah (may peace and blessings be upon him) asked
him on the occasion of the Farewell Pilgrimage to make the
people silent and then said: Do not return to unbelief after
me by striking the necks of one another.
Bk 1, Number 0125:
Abdullah b. Mu'adh narrated from the Apostle (may peace and
blessings be upon him) a hadith like this on the authority on
Ibn Umar.
Bk 1, Number 0126:
It is narrated on the authority of Abdullah b. Umar that the
Apostle (may peace and blessings be upon him) observed on the
occasion of the Farewell Pilgrimage Woe unto you distress unto
you! Don't turn back as unbelievers after me by striking the
necks of one another.
Bk 1, Number 0127:
Harmala b. Yahya, Abdullah b. Wahb, Umar b. Muhammad, Ibn Umar
narrated like the hadith reported by Shu'ba on the authority
of Waqid.
